Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice
Ginsenoside Rb2 (Rb2), a fundamental saponin produced and isolated from ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), has a wide range of biological actions. The objective of this investigation was to see if ginsenoside Rb2 has any immunomodulatory properties against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppr...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.927087/full |
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| author | Siwen Zheng Siwen Zheng Housheng Zheng Housheng Zheng Rui Zhang Rui Zhang Xiangmin Piao Xiangmin Piao Junnan Hu Yanzhu Zhu Yanzhu Zhu Yingping Wang Yingping Wang |
| author_facet | Siwen Zheng Siwen Zheng Housheng Zheng Housheng Zheng Rui Zhang Rui Zhang Xiangmin Piao Xiangmin Piao Junnan Hu Yanzhu Zhu Yanzhu Zhu Yingping Wang Yingping Wang |
| author_sort | Siwen Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ginsenoside Rb2 (Rb2), a fundamental saponin produced and isolated from ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), has a wide range of biological actions. The objective of this investigation was to see if ginsenoside Rb2 has any immunomodulatory properties against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression. For the positive control group, levamisole hydrochloride (LD) was used. We discovered that intraperitoneal injection of Rb2 (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) could relieve CTX-induced immunosuppression by enhanced immune organ index, reduced the pathological characteristics of immunosuppression, promoted natural killer (NK) cells viability, improved cell-mediated immune response, boosted the IFN-γ (Interferon-gamma), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-2 (Interleukin-2), and IgG (Immunoglobulin G), as well as macrophage activity like carbon clearance and phagocytic index. Rb2 significantly elevated the mRNA expression of IL-4 (Interleukin-4), SYK (Tyrosine-protein kinase-SYK), IL-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 (Interleukin-6) in the spleen of CTX-injected animals. Molecular docking results showed that Rb2 had excellent binding properties with IL-4, SYK, IL-2, TNF, and IL-6, indicating the target protein might be strongly correlated with the immunomodulatory effect of Rb2. Taken together, ginsenoside Rb2 can improve the immune function that is declined in CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, the efficacy maybe due to the regulation of related cytokine and mRNA expression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:12:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1456aaa688d04d28a7fe1497f684c4cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:12:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1456aaa688d04d28a7fe1497f684c4cc2022-12-22T00:35:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122022-06-011310.3389/fphar.2022.927087927087Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in MiceSiwen Zheng0Siwen Zheng1Housheng Zheng2Housheng Zheng3Rui Zhang4Rui Zhang5Xiangmin Piao6Xiangmin Piao7Junnan Hu8Yanzhu Zhu9Yanzhu Zhu10Yingping Wang11Yingping Wang12National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaInstitute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, ChinaAnimal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, ChinaCollege of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, ChinaGinsenoside Rb2 (Rb2), a fundamental saponin produced and isolated from ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), has a wide range of biological actions. The objective of this investigation was to see if ginsenoside Rb2 has any immunomodulatory properties against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression. For the positive control group, levamisole hydrochloride (LD) was used. We discovered that intraperitoneal injection of Rb2 (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) could relieve CTX-induced immunosuppression by enhanced immune organ index, reduced the pathological characteristics of immunosuppression, promoted natural killer (NK) cells viability, improved cell-mediated immune response, boosted the IFN-γ (Interferon-gamma), TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-2 (Interleukin-2), and IgG (Immunoglobulin G), as well as macrophage activity like carbon clearance and phagocytic index. Rb2 significantly elevated the mRNA expression of IL-4 (Interleukin-4), SYK (Tyrosine-protein kinase-SYK), IL-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 (Interleukin-6) in the spleen of CTX-injected animals. Molecular docking results showed that Rb2 had excellent binding properties with IL-4, SYK, IL-2, TNF, and IL-6, indicating the target protein might be strongly correlated with the immunomodulatory effect of Rb2. Taken together, ginsenoside Rb2 can improve the immune function that is declined in CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice, the efficacy maybe due to the regulation of related cytokine and mRNA expression.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.927087/fullginsenoside Rb2cyclophosphamideside effectimmunosuppressionimmune regulation |
| spellingShingle | Siwen Zheng Siwen Zheng Housheng Zheng Housheng Zheng Rui Zhang Rui Zhang Xiangmin Piao Xiangmin Piao Junnan Hu Yanzhu Zhu Yanzhu Zhu Yingping Wang Yingping Wang Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice Frontiers in Pharmacology ginsenoside Rb2 cyclophosphamide side effect immunosuppression immune regulation |
| title | Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice |
| title_full | Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice |
| title_short | Immunomodulatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rb2 Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice |
| title_sort | immunomodulatory effect of ginsenoside rb2 against cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppression in mice |
| topic | ginsenoside Rb2 cyclophosphamide side effect immunosuppression immune regulation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.927087/full |
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