Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific Ocean
This study examines interannual variations in the seawater CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) for months (August–October) with frequent tropical cyclone (TC) events in the northwestern subtropical Pacific Ocean (22°N–28°N, 135°E–145°E) between 2007 and 2017. The temperature-normalized pCO2 averaged over Au...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.679314/full |
| _version_ | 1819144191316328448 |
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| author | Young Ho Ko Geun-Ha Park Dongseon Kim Tae-Wook Kim Tae-Wook Kim |
| author_facet | Young Ho Ko Geun-Ha Park Dongseon Kim Tae-Wook Kim Tae-Wook Kim |
| author_sort | Young Ho Ko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examines interannual variations in the seawater CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) for months (August–October) with frequent tropical cyclone (TC) events in the northwestern subtropical Pacific Ocean (22°N–28°N, 135°E–145°E) between 2007 and 2017. The temperature-normalized pCO2 averaged over August–October showed a year-to-year variation ranging from 346 to 359 μatm over the 11 study years, which appeared to be related to the variation in vertical mixing that likely results from the TC activity in these months. Sea surface temperature and wind data consistently supported the association between mixing and TC intensity. Nonetheless, the pCO2 reduction caused by negative sea-surface temperature anomalies found over the TC season (July–October) shifted the study area from a CO2 source to a CO2 sink over these months. In the south (17°N–22°N) of the study area, mixing-driven variations in pCO2 were smaller during the same months, which appeared to be caused by the relatively deeper mixed layer depth and the more homogenous profile of CO2 in this tropical region. These results suggest that more extensive pCO2 measurements are required to fully resolve the effect of TCs on the carbonate system from the regional- to the basin-scale in the western Pacific Ocean, where TC intensity is expected to increase in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T12:38:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14944252318e4e318b2ca502417e7a54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T12:38:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-14944252318e4e318b2ca502417e7a542022-12-21T18:25:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452021-07-01810.3389/fmars.2021.679314679314Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific OceanYoung Ho Ko0Geun-Ha Park1Dongseon Kim2Tae-Wook Kim3Tae-Wook Kim4OJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaMarine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, South KoreaMarine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, South KoreaOJEong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaDivision of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaThis study examines interannual variations in the seawater CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) for months (August–October) with frequent tropical cyclone (TC) events in the northwestern subtropical Pacific Ocean (22°N–28°N, 135°E–145°E) between 2007 and 2017. The temperature-normalized pCO2 averaged over August–October showed a year-to-year variation ranging from 346 to 359 μatm over the 11 study years, which appeared to be related to the variation in vertical mixing that likely results from the TC activity in these months. Sea surface temperature and wind data consistently supported the association between mixing and TC intensity. Nonetheless, the pCO2 reduction caused by negative sea-surface temperature anomalies found over the TC season (July–October) shifted the study area from a CO2 source to a CO2 sink over these months. In the south (17°N–22°N) of the study area, mixing-driven variations in pCO2 were smaller during the same months, which appeared to be caused by the relatively deeper mixed layer depth and the more homogenous profile of CO2 in this tropical region. These results suggest that more extensive pCO2 measurements are required to fully resolve the effect of TCs on the carbonate system from the regional- to the basin-scale in the western Pacific Ocean, where TC intensity is expected to increase in the future.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.679314/fulltropical cycloneseawater CO2 partial pressuresubtropical Pacific Oceanvertical mixingsea surface temperature |
| spellingShingle | Young Ho Ko Geun-Ha Park Dongseon Kim Tae-Wook Kim Tae-Wook Kim Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific Ocean Frontiers in Marine Science tropical cyclone seawater CO2 partial pressure subtropical Pacific Ocean vertical mixing sea surface temperature |
| title | Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific Ocean |
| title_full | Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific Ocean |
| title_fullStr | Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific Ocean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific Ocean |
| title_short | Variations in Seawater pCO2 Associated With Vertical Mixing During Tropical Cyclone Season in the Northwestern Subtropical Pacific Ocean |
| title_sort | variations in seawater pco2 associated with vertical mixing during tropical cyclone season in the northwestern subtropical pacific ocean |
| topic | tropical cyclone seawater CO2 partial pressure subtropical Pacific Ocean vertical mixing sea surface temperature |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.679314/full |
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