First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphere
Ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) has been detected in the upper troposphere by the analysis of averaged MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) infrared limb-emission spectra. We have found enhanced amounts of NH<sub>3</sub> within the region of the Asian...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2016-11-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/14357/2016/acp-16-14357-2016.pdf |
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| author | M. Höpfner R. Volkamer R. Volkamer U. Grabowski M. Grutter J. Orphal G. Stiller T. von Clarmann G. Wetzel |
| author_facet | M. Höpfner R. Volkamer R. Volkamer U. Grabowski M. Grutter J. Orphal G. Stiller T. von Clarmann G. Wetzel |
| author_sort | M. Höpfner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) has been detected in the upper troposphere
by the analysis of averaged MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive
Atmospheric Sounding) infrared limb-emission spectra. We have found enhanced
amounts of NH<sub>3</sub> within the region of the Asian summer monsoon at 12–15 km altitude. Three-monthly,
10° longitude × 10° latitude average profiles
reaching maximum mixing ratios of around 30 pptv in this altitude
range have been retrieved, with a vertical resolution of 3–8 km and
estimated errors of about 5 pptv. These observations show that loss
processes during transport from the boundary layer to the upper troposphere
within the Asian monsoon do not deplete the air entirely of NH<sub>3</sub>.
Thus, ammonia might contribute to the so-called Asian tropopause aerosol
layer by the formation of ammonium aerosol particles. On a global scale, outside
the monsoon area and during different seasons, we could not detect enhanced
values of NH<sub>3</sub> above the actual detection limit of about
3–5 pptv. This upper bound helps to constrain global model
simulations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-15T00:06:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-149648f9e8b64e5587d03b82e35a2789 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-15T00:06:14Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-149648f9e8b64e5587d03b82e35a27892022-12-21T22:42:42ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242016-11-0116143571436910.5194/acp-16-14357-2016First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphereM. Höpfner0R. Volkamer1R. Volkamer2U. Grabowski3M. Grutter4J. Orphal5G. Stiller6T. von Clarmann7G. Wetzel8Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USACooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, CO, USAInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyCentro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyInstitute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, GermanyAmmonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) has been detected in the upper troposphere by the analysis of averaged MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) infrared limb-emission spectra. We have found enhanced amounts of NH<sub>3</sub> within the region of the Asian summer monsoon at 12–15 km altitude. Three-monthly, 10° longitude × 10° latitude average profiles reaching maximum mixing ratios of around 30 pptv in this altitude range have been retrieved, with a vertical resolution of 3–8 km and estimated errors of about 5 pptv. These observations show that loss processes during transport from the boundary layer to the upper troposphere within the Asian monsoon do not deplete the air entirely of NH<sub>3</sub>. Thus, ammonia might contribute to the so-called Asian tropopause aerosol layer by the formation of ammonium aerosol particles. On a global scale, outside the monsoon area and during different seasons, we could not detect enhanced values of NH<sub>3</sub> above the actual detection limit of about 3–5 pptv. This upper bound helps to constrain global model simulations.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/14357/2016/acp-16-14357-2016.pdf |
| spellingShingle | M. Höpfner R. Volkamer R. Volkamer U. Grabowski M. Grutter J. Orphal G. Stiller T. von Clarmann G. Wetzel First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphere Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphere |
| title_full | First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphere |
| title_fullStr | First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphere |
| title_short | First detection of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) in the Asian summer monsoon upper troposphere |
| title_sort | first detection of ammonia nh sub 3 sub in the asian summer monsoon upper troposphere |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/14357/2016/acp-16-14357-2016.pdf |
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