Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case
Peroxidation of unsaturated phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol in biological membranes under oxidative stress conditions can underlie a variety of pathological conditions, including atherogenesis, neurodegeneration, and carcinogenesis. Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) are key intermediates in t...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Redox Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221323172100255X |
| _version_ | 1818737073516969984 |
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| author | Albert W. Girotti Witold Korytowski |
| author_facet | Albert W. Girotti Witold Korytowski |
| author_sort | Albert W. Girotti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Peroxidation of unsaturated phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol in biological membranes under oxidative stress conditions can underlie a variety of pathological conditions, including atherogenesis, neurodegeneration, and carcinogenesis. Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) are key intermediates in the peroxidative process. Nascent LOOHs may either undergo one-electron reduction to exacerbate membrane damage/dysfunction or two-electron reduction to attenuate this. Another possibility is LOOH translocation to an acceptor site, followed by either of these competing reductions. Cholesterol (Ch)-derived hydroperoxides (ChOOHs) have several special features that will be highlighted in this review. In addition to being susceptible to one-electron vs. two-electron reduction, ChOOHs can translocate from a membrane of origin to another membrane, where such turnover may ensue. Intracellular StAR family proteins have been shown to deliver not only Ch to mitochondria, but also ChOOHs. StAR-mediated transfer of free radical-generated 7-hydroperoxycholesterol (7-OOH) results in impairment of (a) Ch utilization in steroidogenic cells, and (b) anti-atherogenic reverse Ch transport in vascular macrophages. This is the first known example of how a peroxide derivative can be recognized by a natural lipid trafficking pathway with deleterious consequences. For each example above, we will discuss the underlying mechanism of oxidative damage/dysfunction, and how this might be mitigated by antioxidant intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:47:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14a40ab180cf47c4acae3398b2067d88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-2317 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:47:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Redox Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-14a40ab180cf47c4acae3398b2067d882022-12-21T21:26:46ZengElsevierRedox Biology2213-23172021-10-0146102096Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special caseAlbert W. Girotti0Witold Korytowski1Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, USA.Department of Biophysics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, PolandPeroxidation of unsaturated phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol in biological membranes under oxidative stress conditions can underlie a variety of pathological conditions, including atherogenesis, neurodegeneration, and carcinogenesis. Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) are key intermediates in the peroxidative process. Nascent LOOHs may either undergo one-electron reduction to exacerbate membrane damage/dysfunction or two-electron reduction to attenuate this. Another possibility is LOOH translocation to an acceptor site, followed by either of these competing reductions. Cholesterol (Ch)-derived hydroperoxides (ChOOHs) have several special features that will be highlighted in this review. In addition to being susceptible to one-electron vs. two-electron reduction, ChOOHs can translocate from a membrane of origin to another membrane, where such turnover may ensue. Intracellular StAR family proteins have been shown to deliver not only Ch to mitochondria, but also ChOOHs. StAR-mediated transfer of free radical-generated 7-hydroperoxycholesterol (7-OOH) results in impairment of (a) Ch utilization in steroidogenic cells, and (b) anti-atherogenic reverse Ch transport in vascular macrophages. This is the first known example of how a peroxide derivative can be recognized by a natural lipid trafficking pathway with deleterious consequences. For each example above, we will discuss the underlying mechanism of oxidative damage/dysfunction, and how this might be mitigated by antioxidant intervention.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221323172100255XCholesterol hydroperoxide translocationMitochondrial membraneLipid peroxidationSteroidogenesisAtherosclerosis |
| spellingShingle | Albert W. Girotti Witold Korytowski Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case Redox Biology Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation Mitochondrial membrane Lipid peroxidation Steroidogenesis Atherosclerosis |
| title | Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case |
| title_full | Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case |
| title_fullStr | Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case |
| title_short | Pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation: Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case |
| title_sort | pathophysiological potential of lipid hydroperoxide intermembrane translocation cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation as a special case |
| topic | Cholesterol hydroperoxide translocation Mitochondrial membrane Lipid peroxidation Steroidogenesis Atherosclerosis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221323172100255X |
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