An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station Applications
This study presents a new S-band-receiving phased-array antenna with a phase-deviation-minimized calibration method for the ground station of a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite. The proposed antenna consists of 16 subarrays, 16 beamforming receiving RF modules (BF-RFMs), a power/control board, and a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/23/3847 |
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| author | Dong-Hyo Lee Jung-Won Seo Myeong-Shin Lee Daewon Chung Dongkook Lee Jae-Hoon Bang Bagas Satriyotomo Seongmin Pyo |
| author_facet | Dong-Hyo Lee Jung-Won Seo Myeong-Shin Lee Daewon Chung Dongkook Lee Jae-Hoon Bang Bagas Satriyotomo Seongmin Pyo |
| author_sort | Dong-Hyo Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents a new S-band-receiving phased-array antenna with a phase-deviation-minimized calibration method for the ground station of a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite. The proposed antenna consists of 16 subarrays, 16 beamforming receiving RF modules (BF-RFMs), a power/control board, and a 16-way feed network. The subarray was achieved by joining two 8 × 1 arrays with a two-way power combiner. The 16-element antenna subarrays showed a gain of 16.1 dBi and a reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB from 2.12 GHz to 2.45 GHz. The BF-RFM, which consists of three low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), a power combiner, a phase shifter, and a digital attenuator, was designed and fabricated. The BF-RFMs were provided by the power/control board and showed a gain of 30.8 ± 0.8 dB, an amplitude root-mean-square (RMS) error from 0.25 dB to 0.28 dB, and a phase RMS error from 1.8° to 2.5° over the Rx frequency range. The arrangement procedures of the 16 BF-RFMs are presented to increase beam pointing accuracy at the desired angle. A commercial 16-way feed network was employed to combine all the output ports of the 16 BF-RFMs. The assembled antenna, which has dimensions of 1.58 m × 1.58 m × 0.2 m, was measured by partial and full scans in the near-field scanning system. The back-projected algorithm was employed to calibrate the antenna’s gain patterns in the partial scan. The implemented phased-array antenna had a gain greater than 28.14 dBi, sidelobe levels less than −17.1 dB, and beam pointing errors less than 0.07° over the beam pointing angle of −20~+20°. Based on the implemented antenna system, we conducted a field test using KOMPSAT-5, which is actually operating in South Korea, in order to verify the performance of the low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite ground station system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:50:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14ba2476ce4c4d9d9ba246cce0c1e6ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:50:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-14ba2476ce4c4d9d9ba246cce0c1e6ab2023-11-24T10:46:34ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922022-11-011123384710.3390/electronics11233847An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station ApplicationsDong-Hyo Lee0Jung-Won Seo1Myeong-Shin Lee2Daewon Chung3Dongkook Lee4Jae-Hoon Bang5Bagas Satriyotomo6Seongmin Pyo7National Satellite Operation and Application Center, Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), Daejeon 34133, Republic of KoreaNational Satellite Operation and Application Center, Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), Daejeon 34133, Republic of KoreaNational Satellite Operation and Application Center, Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), Daejeon 34133, Republic of KoreaNational Satellite Operation and Application Center, Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), Daejeon 34133, Republic of KoreaDUTA Technology Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34077, Republic of KoreaAFARM Co., Ltd., Sejong 30150, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Information and Communication Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of KoreaThis study presents a new S-band-receiving phased-array antenna with a phase-deviation-minimized calibration method for the ground station of a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite. The proposed antenna consists of 16 subarrays, 16 beamforming receiving RF modules (BF-RFMs), a power/control board, and a 16-way feed network. The subarray was achieved by joining two 8 × 1 arrays with a two-way power combiner. The 16-element antenna subarrays showed a gain of 16.1 dBi and a reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB from 2.12 GHz to 2.45 GHz. The BF-RFM, which consists of three low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), a power combiner, a phase shifter, and a digital attenuator, was designed and fabricated. The BF-RFMs were provided by the power/control board and showed a gain of 30.8 ± 0.8 dB, an amplitude root-mean-square (RMS) error from 0.25 dB to 0.28 dB, and a phase RMS error from 1.8° to 2.5° over the Rx frequency range. The arrangement procedures of the 16 BF-RFMs are presented to increase beam pointing accuracy at the desired angle. A commercial 16-way feed network was employed to combine all the output ports of the 16 BF-RFMs. The assembled antenna, which has dimensions of 1.58 m × 1.58 m × 0.2 m, was measured by partial and full scans in the near-field scanning system. The back-projected algorithm was employed to calibrate the antenna’s gain patterns in the partial scan. The implemented phased-array antenna had a gain greater than 28.14 dBi, sidelobe levels less than −17.1 dB, and beam pointing errors less than 0.07° over the beam pointing angle of −20~+20°. Based on the implemented antenna system, we conducted a field test using KOMPSAT-5, which is actually operating in South Korea, in order to verify the performance of the low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite ground station system.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/23/3847aperture distributionback-projected algorithmbeam pointing accuracypattern calibrationphased-array antenna |
| spellingShingle | Dong-Hyo Lee Jung-Won Seo Myeong-Shin Lee Daewon Chung Dongkook Lee Jae-Hoon Bang Bagas Satriyotomo Seongmin Pyo An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station Applications Electronics aperture distribution back-projected algorithm beam pointing accuracy pattern calibration phased-array antenna |
| title | An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station Applications |
| title_full | An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station Applications |
| title_fullStr | An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station Applications |
| title_short | An S-Band-Receiving Phased-Array Antenna with a Phase-Deviation-Minimized Calibration Method for LEO Satellite Ground Station Applications |
| title_sort | s band receiving phased array antenna with a phase deviation minimized calibration method for leo satellite ground station applications |
| topic | aperture distribution back-projected algorithm beam pointing accuracy pattern calibration phased-array antenna |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/23/3847 |
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