A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is a member of the hnRNP family of conserved proteins that is involved in RNA transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA transport, protein translation, microRNA processing, telomere maintenance and the regulation of transcription factor activity. Hn...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2021.659610/full |
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| author | Joseph P. Clarke Joseph P. Clarke Patricia A. Thibault Patricia A. Thibault Hannah E. Salapa Hannah E. Salapa Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin |
| author_facet | Joseph P. Clarke Joseph P. Clarke Patricia A. Thibault Patricia A. Thibault Hannah E. Salapa Hannah E. Salapa Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin |
| author_sort | Joseph P. Clarke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is a member of the hnRNP family of conserved proteins that is involved in RNA transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA transport, protein translation, microRNA processing, telomere maintenance and the regulation of transcription factor activity. HnRNP A1 is ubiquitously, yet differentially, expressed in many cell types, and due to post-translational modifications, can vary in its molecular function. While a plethora of knowledge is known about the function and dysfunction of hnRNP A1 in diseases other than neurodegenerative disease (e.g., cancer), numerous studies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s disease have found that the dysregulation of hnRNP A1 may contribute to disease pathogenesis. How hnRNP A1 mechanistically contributes to these diseases, and whether mutations and/or altered post-translational modifications contribute to pathogenesis, however, is currently under investigation. The aim of this comprehensive review is to first describe the background of hnRNP A1, including its structure, biological functions in RNA metabolism and the post-translational modifications known to modify its function. With this knowledge, the review then describes the influence of hnRNP A1 in neurodegenerative disease, and how its dysfunction may contribute the pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T16:52:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14c7c1bb5a7e44058c7fd0bfa66fb509 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T16:52:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-14c7c1bb5a7e44058c7fd0bfa66fb5092022-12-21T22:54:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2021-04-01810.3389/fmolb.2021.659610659610A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative DiseaseJoseph P. Clarke0Joseph P. Clarke1Patricia A. Thibault2Patricia A. Thibault3Hannah E. Salapa4Hannah E. Salapa5Michael C. Levin6Michael C. Levin7Michael C. Levin8Michael C. Levin9Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaOffice of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaOffice of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaDivision of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaOffice of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaDivision of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaDepartment of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaOffice of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaDivision of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is a member of the hnRNP family of conserved proteins that is involved in RNA transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA transport, protein translation, microRNA processing, telomere maintenance and the regulation of transcription factor activity. HnRNP A1 is ubiquitously, yet differentially, expressed in many cell types, and due to post-translational modifications, can vary in its molecular function. While a plethora of knowledge is known about the function and dysfunction of hnRNP A1 in diseases other than neurodegenerative disease (e.g., cancer), numerous studies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s disease have found that the dysregulation of hnRNP A1 may contribute to disease pathogenesis. How hnRNP A1 mechanistically contributes to these diseases, and whether mutations and/or altered post-translational modifications contribute to pathogenesis, however, is currently under investigation. The aim of this comprehensive review is to first describe the background of hnRNP A1, including its structure, biological functions in RNA metabolism and the post-translational modifications known to modify its function. With this knowledge, the review then describes the influence of hnRNP A1 in neurodegenerative disease, and how its dysfunction may contribute the pathogenesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2021.659610/fullRNA binding proteinhnRNP A1post-translational modificationsRNA metabolismneurodegenerative diseases |
| spellingShingle | Joseph P. Clarke Joseph P. Clarke Patricia A. Thibault Patricia A. Thibault Hannah E. Salapa Hannah E. Salapa Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin Michael C. Levin A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences RNA binding protein hnRNP A1 post-translational modifications RNA metabolism neurodegenerative diseases |
| title | A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease |
| title_sort | comprehensive analysis of the role of hnrnp a1 function and dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease |
| topic | RNA binding protein hnRNP A1 post-translational modifications RNA metabolism neurodegenerative diseases |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2021.659610/full |
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