| Summary: | Since osteoporosis and long-term bone fractures along with their possible infections after fractures and surgery is one of the most important challenges in bone repair, the subject of this study is the use of nanotechnology methods in drug delivery, infection control, stimulation of bone cells for proliferation and differentiation, and improving the mechanical strength during treatment. Iron oxide nanospheres-hydroxyapatite-strontium@collagen (IONSs-HA-SR@C) was synthesized by co-precipitation method and their physicochemical properties were investigated by FE-SEM, TEM, DLS, XRD, FT-IR, and atomic absorption methods. The effect of IONSs-HA-SR@C on MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation and proliferation and their morphological changes was determined by CCK-assay and H&E staining methods. Also, to evaluate the antibacterial activity, Aureus Rosenbach were used as a model and cultured with IONSs-HA-SR@C. Finally, PCR method was used to evaluate cell differentiation by BMP-2, ALP, OCN, RUNX-2 and COL1 genes markers. The results revealed that the IONSs-HA-SR@C have almost spherical shapes and have a uniform size with dimensions of 63.4 ± 2.78 nm. Likewise, XRD, FTIR, and atomic absorption results indicated HA and SR loading, and C coating on the IONSs. Also, the SR release rate reached 81% in 192 h with pH = 6, and the burst release was<40% in 24 h. Moreover, IONSs-HA-SR@C-treated MC3T3-E1 cells had higher proliferation than the control group and showed more favourable differentiation. H&E staining and real-time PCR of bone differentiation marker genes confirmed this claim. The IONSs-HA-SR@C antibacterial activity indicates a significant reduction in infection. Ultimately, the IONSs-HA-SR@C has excellent biocompatibility, ossification coefficient and antibacterial activity; hence it has great potential for repairing bone defects and preventing infection.
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