Water quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract Ganga River water is very much stressed with the rapidly increasing population, climate change and water pollution that increase domestic, agricultural and industrial needs. This study assesses the surface water quality of the River Ganga in India, using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniq...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Applied Water Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-020-01288-y |
| _version_ | 1828784764033695744 |
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| author | Gagan Matta Anjali Nayak Avinash Kumar Pawan Kumar |
| author_facet | Gagan Matta Anjali Nayak Avinash Kumar Pawan Kumar |
| author_sort | Gagan Matta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Ganga River water is very much stressed with the rapidly increasing population, climate change and water pollution that increase domestic, agricultural and industrial needs. This study assesses the surface water quality of the River Ganga in India, using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques. During the current study, water samples from Ganga River were collected for the assessment of 19 physico-chemical determinants from 20 sampling locations. Water quality indices (WQIs) is used to classify the overall impact of different variables of water. Multivariate techniques were utilized to assess the water conditions for productive management of fresh water quality. The WQI results showed that surface water quality varied at the selected sampling sites among medium and good categories. The PCA generates the 6 principle components which highly contributes (80.3%) in influencing the hydro-chemistry of river water. Agricultural waste runoff, untreated effluents and many other anthropogenic activities were identified as main contributor in decreasing the water quality of the River Ganga. To maintain and protect this fresh water resources against contamination, the usage of stringent policies and rules are expected to preserve fresh water resources for people in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:37:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14cf178cf22940dca617abb36e703ad2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-5487 2190-5495 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:37:30Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Water Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-14cf178cf22940dca617abb36e703ad22022-12-22T00:45:49ZengSpringerOpenApplied Water Science2190-54872190-54952020-08-0110911210.1007/s13201-020-01288-yWater quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, IndiaGagan Matta0Anjali Nayak1Avinash Kumar2Pawan Kumar3Hydrological Research Lab., Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri VishwavidyalayaHydrological Research Lab., Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri VishwavidyalayaHydrological Research Lab., Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri VishwavidyalayaHydrological Research Lab., Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri VishwavidyalayaAbstract Ganga River water is very much stressed with the rapidly increasing population, climate change and water pollution that increase domestic, agricultural and industrial needs. This study assesses the surface water quality of the River Ganga in India, using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques. During the current study, water samples from Ganga River were collected for the assessment of 19 physico-chemical determinants from 20 sampling locations. Water quality indices (WQIs) is used to classify the overall impact of different variables of water. Multivariate techniques were utilized to assess the water conditions for productive management of fresh water quality. The WQI results showed that surface water quality varied at the selected sampling sites among medium and good categories. The PCA generates the 6 principle components which highly contributes (80.3%) in influencing the hydro-chemistry of river water. Agricultural waste runoff, untreated effluents and many other anthropogenic activities were identified as main contributor in decreasing the water quality of the River Ganga. To maintain and protect this fresh water resources against contamination, the usage of stringent policies and rules are expected to preserve fresh water resources for people in the future.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-020-01288-yRiver GangaPhysico-chemical parametersNSFWQIOIPPCAMultivariate statistical methods |
| spellingShingle | Gagan Matta Anjali Nayak Avinash Kumar Pawan Kumar Water quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, India Applied Water Science River Ganga Physico-chemical parameters NSFWQI OIP PCA Multivariate statistical methods |
| title | Water quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, India |
| title_full | Water quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, India |
| title_fullStr | Water quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, India |
| title_short | Water quality assessment using NSFWQI, OIP and multivariate techniques of Ganga River system, Uttarakhand, India |
| title_sort | water quality assessment using nsfwqi oip and multivariate techniques of ganga river system uttarakhand india |
| topic | River Ganga Physico-chemical parameters NSFWQI OIP PCA Multivariate statistical methods |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-020-01288-y |
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