Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traits
We recently reported that emotional detachment in adult psychopathy was associated with structural abnormalities in the dorsal ‘default-mode’ network (DMN). However, it is unclear whether these differences are present in young people at risk of psychopathy. The most widely recognised group at risk f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2018-04-01
|
| Series: | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929317301937 |
| _version_ | 1811199734477488128 |
|---|---|
| author | Arjun Sethi Sagari Sarkar Flavio Dell’Acqua Essi Viding Marco Catani Declan G.M. Murphy Michael C. Craig |
| author_facet | Arjun Sethi Sagari Sarkar Flavio Dell’Acqua Essi Viding Marco Catani Declan G.M. Murphy Michael C. Craig |
| author_sort | Arjun Sethi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We recently reported that emotional detachment in adult psychopathy was associated with structural abnormalities in the dorsal ‘default-mode’ network (DMN). However, it is unclear whether these differences are present in young people at risk of psychopathy. The most widely recognised group at risk for psychopathy are children/adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) and callous-unemotional (CU) traits. We therefore examined the microstructure of the dorsal DMN in 27 CD youths (14-with/13-without CU traits) compared to 16 typically developing controls using DTI tractography. Both CD groups had significantly (p < 0.025) reduced dorsal DMN radial diffusivity compared to controls. In those with diagnostically significant CU traits, exploratory analyses (uncorrected for multiple comparisons) suggested that radial diffusivity was negatively correlated with CU severity (Left: rho = −0.68, p = 0.015). These results suggest that CD youths have microstructural abnormalities in the same network as adults with psychopathy. Further, the association with childhood/adolescent measures of emotional detachment (CU traits) resembles the relationship between emotional detachment and network microstructure in adult psychopaths. However, these changes appear to occur in opposite directions – with increased myelination in adolescent CD but reduced integrity in adult psychopathy. Collectively, these findings suggest that developmental abnormalities in dorsal DMN may play a role in the emergence of psychopathy. Keywords: Conduct disorder, Psychopathy, Default-mode network, Tractography, DTI, Diffusion MRI |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:53:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14d45e35b13d48eab5afec2e9af55608 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-9293 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:53:25Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-14d45e35b13d48eab5afec2e9af556082022-12-22T03:52:52ZengElsevierDevelopmental Cognitive Neuroscience1878-92932018-04-01308792Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traitsArjun Sethi0Sagari Sarkar1Flavio Dell’Acqua2Essi Viding3Marco Catani4Declan G.M. Murphy5Michael C. Craig6Natbrainlab, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; Sacker Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; Developmental Risk & Resilience Unit, University College London, London, UK; Corresponding author at: Natbrainlab, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, SE5 8A, UK.Natbrainlab, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UKNatbrainlab, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UKDevelopmental Risk & Resilience Unit, University College London, London, UKNatbrainlab, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; Sacker Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UKSacker Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UKNatbrainlab, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; Sacker Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; National Autism Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, SLAM NHS Foundation Trust, Kent, UKWe recently reported that emotional detachment in adult psychopathy was associated with structural abnormalities in the dorsal ‘default-mode’ network (DMN). However, it is unclear whether these differences are present in young people at risk of psychopathy. The most widely recognised group at risk for psychopathy are children/adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) and callous-unemotional (CU) traits. We therefore examined the microstructure of the dorsal DMN in 27 CD youths (14-with/13-without CU traits) compared to 16 typically developing controls using DTI tractography. Both CD groups had significantly (p < 0.025) reduced dorsal DMN radial diffusivity compared to controls. In those with diagnostically significant CU traits, exploratory analyses (uncorrected for multiple comparisons) suggested that radial diffusivity was negatively correlated with CU severity (Left: rho = −0.68, p = 0.015). These results suggest that CD youths have microstructural abnormalities in the same network as adults with psychopathy. Further, the association with childhood/adolescent measures of emotional detachment (CU traits) resembles the relationship between emotional detachment and network microstructure in adult psychopaths. However, these changes appear to occur in opposite directions – with increased myelination in adolescent CD but reduced integrity in adult psychopathy. Collectively, these findings suggest that developmental abnormalities in dorsal DMN may play a role in the emergence of psychopathy. Keywords: Conduct disorder, Psychopathy, Default-mode network, Tractography, DTI, Diffusion MRIhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929317301937 |
| spellingShingle | Arjun Sethi Sagari Sarkar Flavio Dell’Acqua Essi Viding Marco Catani Declan G.M. Murphy Michael C. Craig Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traits Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| title | Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traits |
| title_full | Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traits |
| title_fullStr | Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traits |
| title_short | Anatomy of the dorsal default-mode network in conduct disorder: Association with callous-unemotional traits |
| title_sort | anatomy of the dorsal default mode network in conduct disorder association with callous unemotional traits |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929317301937 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arjunsethi anatomyofthedorsaldefaultmodenetworkinconductdisorderassociationwithcallousunemotionaltraits AT sagarisarkar anatomyofthedorsaldefaultmodenetworkinconductdisorderassociationwithcallousunemotionaltraits AT flaviodellacqua anatomyofthedorsaldefaultmodenetworkinconductdisorderassociationwithcallousunemotionaltraits AT essividing anatomyofthedorsaldefaultmodenetworkinconductdisorderassociationwithcallousunemotionaltraits AT marcocatani anatomyofthedorsaldefaultmodenetworkinconductdisorderassociationwithcallousunemotionaltraits AT declangmmurphy anatomyofthedorsaldefaultmodenetworkinconductdisorderassociationwithcallousunemotionaltraits AT michaelccraig anatomyofthedorsaldefaultmodenetworkinconductdisorderassociationwithcallousunemotionaltraits |