Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate Cowpea
Under a changing climate, the biologically viable management of weeds and the exploration of the genetic divergence of spreading and towering cultivars of forage cowpea in different row configuration systems hold the potential to boost sustainable feed supply for dairy animals. A field study was und...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1323 |
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| author | Muhammad Aamir Iqbal Arslan Ahmed Muhammad Imran Hanaa E. Ahmed Rehab M. Hafez Asmaa A. Hamad |
| author_facet | Muhammad Aamir Iqbal Arslan Ahmed Muhammad Imran Hanaa E. Ahmed Rehab M. Hafez Asmaa A. Hamad |
| author_sort | Muhammad Aamir Iqbal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Under a changing climate, the biologically viable management of weeds and the exploration of the genetic divergence of spreading and towering cultivars of forage cowpea in different row configuration systems hold the potential to boost sustainable feed supply for dairy animals. A field study was undertaken to sort out the most nutritive and high-biomass-producing cultivar (Cowpea−,2007 and Rawan−,2010) of cowpea and optimize the row configuration (R × R of 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm) to manage the weed spectrum. The results revealed that Rawan-2010 remained superior in the 15 cm row configuration by recording 39% lesser weed density (WD) than the corresponding value recorded by the same cultivar sown in the 60 cm row configuration. The same treatment combination recorded a 20% lesser fresh weed weight than Cowpea−,2007 sown in the same row configuration, while it exhibited a 5.6 g m<sup>−2</sup> lesser corresponding value of dry weed weight. In contrast, Cowpea-2010 sown in the 45 cm row configuration recorded the maximum yield attributes (stem girth, leaf and branch numbers, leaf area, fresh and dry weights per plant), except plant height (PH), which resulted in 7% and 13% higher green herbage yield (GH) and dry matter biomass (DM), respectively, than the same cultivar sown in the 30 cm row configuration. Pertaining to nutritional value, Rawan-2010 in the 45 cm row configuration yielded the maximum crude protein and minimum crude fiber content, while the same cultivar gave the greatest ash content in the wider row spacing. With GH, the correlation analyses indicated an antagonistic association for PH, a moderately linear relationship between stem girth and branch numbers and a strong direct association between leaf area and fresh plant weight. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:38:57Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:38:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-14e5d9a7e76844b99daecaf09a2fb30e2023-11-23T15:09:51ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-05-01126132310.3390/agronomy12061323Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate CowpeaMuhammad Aamir Iqbal0Arslan Ahmed1Muhammad Imran2Hanaa E. Ahmed3Rehab M. Hafez4Asmaa A. Hamad5Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, PakistanDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, PakistanBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptUnder a changing climate, the biologically viable management of weeds and the exploration of the genetic divergence of spreading and towering cultivars of forage cowpea in different row configuration systems hold the potential to boost sustainable feed supply for dairy animals. A field study was undertaken to sort out the most nutritive and high-biomass-producing cultivar (Cowpea−,2007 and Rawan−,2010) of cowpea and optimize the row configuration (R × R of 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm) to manage the weed spectrum. The results revealed that Rawan-2010 remained superior in the 15 cm row configuration by recording 39% lesser weed density (WD) than the corresponding value recorded by the same cultivar sown in the 60 cm row configuration. The same treatment combination recorded a 20% lesser fresh weed weight than Cowpea−,2007 sown in the same row configuration, while it exhibited a 5.6 g m<sup>−2</sup> lesser corresponding value of dry weed weight. In contrast, Cowpea-2010 sown in the 45 cm row configuration recorded the maximum yield attributes (stem girth, leaf and branch numbers, leaf area, fresh and dry weights per plant), except plant height (PH), which resulted in 7% and 13% higher green herbage yield (GH) and dry matter biomass (DM), respectively, than the same cultivar sown in the 30 cm row configuration. Pertaining to nutritional value, Rawan-2010 in the 45 cm row configuration yielded the maximum crude protein and minimum crude fiber content, while the same cultivar gave the greatest ash content in the wider row spacing. With GH, the correlation analyses indicated an antagonistic association for PH, a moderately linear relationship between stem girth and branch numbers and a strong direct association between leaf area and fresh plant weight.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1323planting geometrybiomasscrude proteincorrelation analysisleguminous forages |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Aamir Iqbal Arslan Ahmed Muhammad Imran Hanaa E. Ahmed Rehab M. Hafez Asmaa A. Hamad Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate Cowpea Agronomy planting geometry biomass crude protein correlation analysis leguminous forages |
| title | Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate Cowpea |
| title_full | Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate Cowpea |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate Cowpea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate Cowpea |
| title_short | Genetic Divergence and Spatial Configuration Influence the Weed Spectrum, Herbage Yield and Nutritive Quality of Temperate Cowpea |
| title_sort | genetic divergence and spatial configuration influence the weed spectrum herbage yield and nutritive quality of temperate cowpea |
| topic | planting geometry biomass crude protein correlation analysis leguminous forages |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1323 |
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