The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic Correlations
Abstract The Milos, Christiana‐Santorini‐Kolumbo (CSK) and Kos‐Yali‐Nisyros (KYN) volcanic complexes of the Aegean Volcanic Arc have repeatedly produced highly explosive eruptions from at least ∼360 ka into historic times and still show recent unrest. We present the marine tephra record from an arra...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GC010010 |
| _version_ | 1797637924003512320 |
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| author | S. Kutterolf A. Freundt T. H. Hansteen R. Dettbarn F. Hampel C. Sievers C. Wittig S. R. Allen T. H. Druitt J. McPhie P. Nomikou K. Pank J. C. Schindlbeck‐Belo K.‐L. Wang H.‐Y. Lee B. Friedrichs |
| author_facet | S. Kutterolf A. Freundt T. H. Hansteen R. Dettbarn F. Hampel C. Sievers C. Wittig S. R. Allen T. H. Druitt J. McPhie P. Nomikou K. Pank J. C. Schindlbeck‐Belo K.‐L. Wang H.‐Y. Lee B. Friedrichs |
| author_sort | S. Kutterolf |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Milos, Christiana‐Santorini‐Kolumbo (CSK) and Kos‐Yali‐Nisyros (KYN) volcanic complexes of the Aegean Volcanic Arc have repeatedly produced highly explosive eruptions from at least ∼360 ka into historic times and still show recent unrest. We present the marine tephra record from an array of 50, up to 7.4 m long, sediment cores along the arc collected in 2017 during RV Poseidon cruise POS513, which complements earlier work on distal to ultra‐distal eastern Mediterranean sediment cores. A unique set of glass‐shard trace element (LA‐ICPMS) compositions complements our major element (EMP) data on 220 primary ash layers and 40 terrestrial samples to support geochemical fingerprinting for correlations with 19 known tephras from all three volcanic complexes and with the 39 ka Campanian Ignimbrite from the Campi Flegrei, Italy. The correlations include 11 eruptions from CSK (Kameni, Kolumbo 1650, Minoan, Cape Riva, Cape Tripiti, Upper Scoriae 1 and 2, Middle Pumice, Cape Thera, Lower Pumice, Cape Therma 3). We identify a previously unknown widespread tephra from a plinian eruption on Milos (Firiplaka Tephra). Near the KYN we correlate marine tephras with the Kos Plateau Tuff, the Yali 1 and Yali 2 tephras, and the Upper and Lower Pumice on Nisyros. Between these two major tephras, we found two tephras from Nisyros not yet observed on land. The four Nisyros tephras form a systematic trend toward more evolved magma compositions. In the companion paper we use the tephrostratigraphic framework established here to constrain new eruption ages and magnitudes as a contribution to volcanic hazard assessment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:56:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14fb7309c5d741bca2b667859c59c63b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1525-2027 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:56:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems |
| spelling | doaj.art-14fb7309c5d741bca2b667859c59c63b2023-11-03T17:00:43ZengWileyGeochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems1525-20272021-12-012212n/an/a10.1029/2021GC010010The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic CorrelationsS. Kutterolf0A. Freundt1T. H. Hansteen2R. Dettbarn3F. Hampel4C. Sievers5C. Wittig6S. R. Allen7T. H. Druitt8J. McPhie9P. Nomikou10K. Pank11J. C. Schindlbeck‐Belo12K.‐L. Wang13H.‐Y. Lee14B. Friedrichs15GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyInstitute for Geology and Paleontology University of Hamburg Hamburg GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanySchool of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania Hobart NSW AustraliaCNRS IRD OPGC Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans Université Clermont Auvergne Clermont‐Ferrand FranceSchool of Natural Sciences University of Tasmania Hobart NSW AustraliaDepartment of Geology and Geoenvironment National Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel GermanyInstitute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei TaiwanInstitute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei TaiwanInstitute of Earth Science University of Heidelberg Heidelberg GermanyAbstract The Milos, Christiana‐Santorini‐Kolumbo (CSK) and Kos‐Yali‐Nisyros (KYN) volcanic complexes of the Aegean Volcanic Arc have repeatedly produced highly explosive eruptions from at least ∼360 ka into historic times and still show recent unrest. We present the marine tephra record from an array of 50, up to 7.4 m long, sediment cores along the arc collected in 2017 during RV Poseidon cruise POS513, which complements earlier work on distal to ultra‐distal eastern Mediterranean sediment cores. A unique set of glass‐shard trace element (LA‐ICPMS) compositions complements our major element (EMP) data on 220 primary ash layers and 40 terrestrial samples to support geochemical fingerprinting for correlations with 19 known tephras from all three volcanic complexes and with the 39 ka Campanian Ignimbrite from the Campi Flegrei, Italy. The correlations include 11 eruptions from CSK (Kameni, Kolumbo 1650, Minoan, Cape Riva, Cape Tripiti, Upper Scoriae 1 and 2, Middle Pumice, Cape Thera, Lower Pumice, Cape Therma 3). We identify a previously unknown widespread tephra from a plinian eruption on Milos (Firiplaka Tephra). Near the KYN we correlate marine tephras with the Kos Plateau Tuff, the Yali 1 and Yali 2 tephras, and the Upper and Lower Pumice on Nisyros. Between these two major tephras, we found two tephras from Nisyros not yet observed on land. The four Nisyros tephras form a systematic trend toward more evolved magma compositions. In the companion paper we use the tephrostratigraphic framework established here to constrain new eruption ages and magnitudes as a contribution to volcanic hazard assessment.https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GC010010TephrostratigraphyAegean ArcChemical fingerprintingvolcanology |
| spellingShingle | S. Kutterolf A. Freundt T. H. Hansteen R. Dettbarn F. Hampel C. Sievers C. Wittig S. R. Allen T. H. Druitt J. McPhie P. Nomikou K. Pank J. C. Schindlbeck‐Belo K.‐L. Wang H.‐Y. Lee B. Friedrichs The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic Correlations Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems Tephrostratigraphy Aegean Arc Chemical fingerprinting volcanology |
| title | The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic Correlations |
| title_full | The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic Correlations |
| title_fullStr | The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic Correlations |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic Correlations |
| title_short | The Medial Offshore Record of Explosive Volcanism Along the Central to Eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephrostratigraphic Correlations |
| title_sort | medial offshore record of explosive volcanism along the central to eastern aegean volcanic arc 1 tephrostratigraphic correlations |
| topic | Tephrostratigraphy Aegean Arc Chemical fingerprinting volcanology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GC010010 |
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