Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
ABSTRACT Infected cells can undergo apoptosis as a protective response to viral infection, thereby limiting viral infection. As viruses require a viable cell for replication, the death of the cell limits cellular functions that are required for virus replication and propagation. Picornaviruses are s...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Society for Microbiology
2017-11-01
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| Series: | mBio |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01009-17 |
| _version_ | 1818844461476610048 |
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| author | Sarah N. Croft Erin J. Walker Reena Ghildyal |
| author_facet | Sarah N. Croft Erin J. Walker Reena Ghildyal |
| author_sort | Sarah N. Croft |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Infected cells can undergo apoptosis as a protective response to viral infection, thereby limiting viral infection. As viruses require a viable cell for replication, the death of the cell limits cellular functions that are required for virus replication and propagation. Picornaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that modify the host cell apoptotic response, probably in order to promote viral replication, largely as a function of the viral proteases 2A, 3C, and 3CD. These proteases are essential for viral polyprotein processing and also cleave cellular proteins. Picornavirus proteases cleave proapoptotic adaptor proteins, resulting in downregulation of apoptosis. Picornavirus proteases also cleave nucleoporins, disrupting the orchestrated manner in which signaling pathways use active nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, including those involved in apoptosis. In addition to viral proteases, the transmembrane 2B protein alters intracellular ion signaling, which may also modulate apoptosis. Overall, picornaviruses, via the action of virally encoded proteins, exercise intricate control over and subvert cell death pathways, specifically apoptosis, thereby allowing viral replication to continue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T05:14:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-14fbfabf4e45430fb979bf6faa658592 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2150-7511 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T05:14:08Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | mBio |
| spelling | doaj.art-14fbfabf4e45430fb979bf6faa6585922022-12-21T20:34:44ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymBio2150-75112017-11-018510.1128/mBio.01009-17Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell DeathSarah N. Croft0Erin J. Walker1Reena Ghildyal2Respiratory Virology Group, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, AustraliaRespiratory Virology Group, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, AustraliaRespiratory Virology Group, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, AustraliaABSTRACT Infected cells can undergo apoptosis as a protective response to viral infection, thereby limiting viral infection. As viruses require a viable cell for replication, the death of the cell limits cellular functions that are required for virus replication and propagation. Picornaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that modify the host cell apoptotic response, probably in order to promote viral replication, largely as a function of the viral proteases 2A, 3C, and 3CD. These proteases are essential for viral polyprotein processing and also cleave cellular proteins. Picornavirus proteases cleave proapoptotic adaptor proteins, resulting in downregulation of apoptosis. Picornavirus proteases also cleave nucleoporins, disrupting the orchestrated manner in which signaling pathways use active nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, including those involved in apoptosis. In addition to viral proteases, the transmembrane 2B protein alters intracellular ion signaling, which may also modulate apoptosis. Overall, picornaviruses, via the action of virally encoded proteins, exercise intricate control over and subvert cell death pathways, specifically apoptosis, thereby allowing viral replication to continue.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01009-17apoptosisinnate immunitypicornavirusproteasesvirus-host interactions |
| spellingShingle | Sarah N. Croft Erin J. Walker Reena Ghildyal Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death mBio apoptosis innate immunity picornavirus proteases virus-host interactions |
| title | Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death |
| title_full | Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death |
| title_fullStr | Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death |
| title_full_unstemmed | Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death |
| title_short | Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death |
| title_sort | picornaviruses and apoptosis subversion of cell death |
| topic | apoptosis innate immunity picornavirus proteases virus-host interactions |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01009-17 |
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