Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study
IntroductionAddressing neonatal mortality is an important priority for improving the health and well-being of newborns. Almost two-thirds of infant deaths occur in the first month of life; among these, more than two-thirds die in their first week. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1352270/full |
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| author | Genanew Kassie Getahun Mihretu Beyene Tsion Afework Mitiku Desalegn Selamawit Shita Jemberie Tewodros Shitemaw |
| author_facet | Genanew Kassie Getahun Mihretu Beyene Tsion Afework Mitiku Desalegn Selamawit Shita Jemberie Tewodros Shitemaw |
| author_sort | Genanew Kassie Getahun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionAddressing neonatal mortality is an important priority for improving the health and well-being of newborns. Almost two-thirds of infant deaths occur in the first month of life; among these, more than two-thirds die in their first week. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the mortality rate and predictors of mortality among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2023.MethodsAn institutional-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted using 459 neonates who were admitted to the NICU at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022. The data were extracted from randomly selected charts using a pretested data extraction checklist. The Nelson Alan curve with log-rank test was used to compare the presence of differences in the mortality rate of different groups over different categorical variables. The cox proportional hazards analysis model was used to identify predictors of neonatal death. The presence and absence of statistical significance was considered at a p-value of less than 0.05 and the strength of association was measured using AHR.ResultsThe neonatal mortality rate was 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3–4.9) per 1,000 neonate-days. Low birth weight (AHR = 1.44: 95% CI: 1.06–3.13), exclusive breast-feeding (AHR = 0.74: 95% CI: 0.35–0.95), and time of exclusive breast-feeding (AHR = 0.92: 95% CI: 0.49–0.99) were the identified predictors of newborn mortality.ConclusionThe neonatal mortality rate was high. Low birth weight of the neonate, exclusive breast-feeding initiation, and time of exclusive breast-feeding were independent predictors of neonatal death. Therefore, empowering mothers to exclusively breastfeed their children, which is a cost-effective, safe, and realistic option, can significantly minimize infant mortality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T20:06:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15050cad33f84dd4a1d00de343606675 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T20:06:41Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-15050cad33f84dd4a1d00de3436066752024-02-28T04:56:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602024-02-011210.3389/fped.2024.13522701352270Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up studyGenanew Kassie Getahun0Mihretu Beyene1Tsion Afework2Mitiku Desalegn3Selamawit Shita Jemberie4Tewodros Shitemaw5Department of Public Health, Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, Yanet Health and Business College, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, Yanet Health and Business College, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Anesthesia, Wachemo University, Wachemo, EthiopiaDepartment of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaIntroductionAddressing neonatal mortality is an important priority for improving the health and well-being of newborns. Almost two-thirds of infant deaths occur in the first month of life; among these, more than two-thirds die in their first week. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the mortality rate and predictors of mortality among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2023.MethodsAn institutional-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted using 459 neonates who were admitted to the NICU at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022. The data were extracted from randomly selected charts using a pretested data extraction checklist. The Nelson Alan curve with log-rank test was used to compare the presence of differences in the mortality rate of different groups over different categorical variables. The cox proportional hazards analysis model was used to identify predictors of neonatal death. The presence and absence of statistical significance was considered at a p-value of less than 0.05 and the strength of association was measured using AHR.ResultsThe neonatal mortality rate was 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3–4.9) per 1,000 neonate-days. Low birth weight (AHR = 1.44: 95% CI: 1.06–3.13), exclusive breast-feeding (AHR = 0.74: 95% CI: 0.35–0.95), and time of exclusive breast-feeding (AHR = 0.92: 95% CI: 0.49–0.99) were the identified predictors of newborn mortality.ConclusionThe neonatal mortality rate was high. Low birth weight of the neonate, exclusive breast-feeding initiation, and time of exclusive breast-feeding were independent predictors of neonatal death. Therefore, empowering mothers to exclusively breastfeed their children, which is a cost-effective, safe, and realistic option, can significantly minimize infant mortality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1352270/fullneonatal mortality ratepredictorsretrospective follow-upneonatal intensive care unitEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Genanew Kassie Getahun Mihretu Beyene Tsion Afework Mitiku Desalegn Selamawit Shita Jemberie Tewodros Shitemaw Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study Frontiers in Pediatrics neonatal mortality rate predictors retrospective follow-up neonatal intensive care unit Ethiopia |
| title | Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study |
| title_full | Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study |
| title_fullStr | Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study |
| title_short | Mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study |
| title_sort | mortality rate and predictors among neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in addis ababa ethiopia a retrospective follow up study |
| topic | neonatal mortality rate predictors retrospective follow-up neonatal intensive care unit Ethiopia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1352270/full |
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