Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Implications
Surgery-induced tumor growth acceleration and synchronous metastatic growth promotion have been observed for decades. Surgery-induced wound healing, orchestrated through growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines, can negatively impact patients harboring residual or metastatic disease. We provide det...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| author | Leili Baghaie Fiona Haxho Fleur Leroy Beth Lewis Alexander Wawer Shamano Minhas William W. Harless Myron R. Szewczuk |
| author_facet | Leili Baghaie Fiona Haxho Fleur Leroy Beth Lewis Alexander Wawer Shamano Minhas William W. Harless Myron R. Szewczuk |
| author_sort | Leili Baghaie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surgery-induced tumor growth acceleration and synchronous metastatic growth promotion have been observed for decades. Surgery-induced wound healing, orchestrated through growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines, can negatively impact patients harboring residual or metastatic disease. We provide detailed clinical evidence of this process in surgical breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer patients. Plasma samples were analyzed from 68 cancer patients who had not received treatment before surgery or adjuvant therapy until at least four weeks post-surgery. The levels of plasma cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were simultaneously quantified and profiled using multiplexed immunoassays for eight time points sampled per patient. The immunologic processes are induced immediately after surgery in patients, characterized by a drastic short-term shift in the expression levels of pro-inflammatory and angiogenic molecules and cytokines. A rapid and significant spike in circulating plasma levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), placental growth factor (PLGF), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) after surgery was noted. The rise in these molecules was concomitant with a significant drop in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AB/BB), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-2 (MCP-2). If not earlier, each plasma analyte was normalized to baseline levels within 1–2 weeks after surgery, suggesting that surgical intervention alone was responsible for these effects. The effects of surgical tumor removal on disrupting the pro-inflammatory and angiogenic plasma profiles of cancer patients provide evidence for potentiating malignant progression. Our findings indicate a narrow therapeutic window of opportunity after surgery to prevent disease recurrence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:53:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-150cfeac151344a49ec2a3c4501e7cca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:53:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-150cfeac151344a49ec2a3c4501e7cca2023-12-08T15:13:17ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-12-011223276710.3390/cells12232767Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical ImplicationsLeili Baghaie0Fiona Haxho1Fleur Leroy2Beth Lewis3Alexander Wawer4Shamano Minhas5William W. Harless6Myron R. Szewczuk7Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaDepartment of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaDepartment of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaENCYT Technologies Inc., Membertou, NS B1S 0H1, CanadaENCYT Technologies Inc., Membertou, NS B1S 0H1, CanadaENCYT Technologies Inc., Membertou, NS B1S 0H1, CanadaENCYT Technologies Inc., Membertou, NS B1S 0H1, CanadaDepartment of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaSurgery-induced tumor growth acceleration and synchronous metastatic growth promotion have been observed for decades. Surgery-induced wound healing, orchestrated through growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines, can negatively impact patients harboring residual or metastatic disease. We provide detailed clinical evidence of this process in surgical breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer patients. Plasma samples were analyzed from 68 cancer patients who had not received treatment before surgery or adjuvant therapy until at least four weeks post-surgery. The levels of plasma cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were simultaneously quantified and profiled using multiplexed immunoassays for eight time points sampled per patient. The immunologic processes are induced immediately after surgery in patients, characterized by a drastic short-term shift in the expression levels of pro-inflammatory and angiogenic molecules and cytokines. A rapid and significant spike in circulating plasma levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), placental growth factor (PLGF), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) after surgery was noted. The rise in these molecules was concomitant with a significant drop in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AB/BB), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-2 (MCP-2). If not earlier, each plasma analyte was normalized to baseline levels within 1–2 weeks after surgery, suggesting that surgical intervention alone was responsible for these effects. The effects of surgical tumor removal on disrupting the pro-inflammatory and angiogenic plasma profiles of cancer patients provide evidence for potentiating malignant progression. Our findings indicate a narrow therapeutic window of opportunity after surgery to prevent disease recurrence.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/23/2767surgery-induced wound healinggrowth factorschemokinescytokinessurgical breastprostate |
| spellingShingle | Leili Baghaie Fiona Haxho Fleur Leroy Beth Lewis Alexander Wawer Shamano Minhas William W. Harless Myron R. Szewczuk Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Implications Cells surgery-induced wound healing growth factors chemokines cytokines surgical breast prostate |
| title | Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Implications |
| title_full | Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Implications |
| title_fullStr | Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Implications |
| title_short | Contemporaneous Perioperative Inflammatory and Angiogenic Cytokine Profiles of Surgical Breast, Colorectal, and Prostate Cancer Patients: Clinical Implications |
| title_sort | contemporaneous perioperative inflammatory and angiogenic cytokine profiles of surgical breast colorectal and prostate cancer patients clinical implications |
| topic | surgery-induced wound healing growth factors chemokines cytokines surgical breast prostate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/23/2767 |
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