Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule
Abstract Background Pheretima is a minister drug in Naoxintong capsule (NXTC), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Owing to the loss of morphological and microscopic characteristics and the lack of recognized chemi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Chinese Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13020-019-0264-7 |
| _version_ | 1818534554128875520 |
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| author | Xiaoxiao Zhu Hoi-Yan Wu Pang-Chui Shaw Wei Peng Weiwei Su |
| author_facet | Xiaoxiao Zhu Hoi-Yan Wu Pang-Chui Shaw Wei Peng Weiwei Su |
| author_sort | Xiaoxiao Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Pheretima is a minister drug in Naoxintong capsule (NXTC), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Owing to the loss of morphological and microscopic characteristics and the lack of recognized chemical marker, it is difficult to identify Pheretima in NXTC. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using DNA techniques to authenticate Pheretima, especially when it is processed into NXTC. Methods DNA was extracted from crude drugs of the genuine and adulterant species, as well as nine batches of NXTCs. Based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, specific primers were designed for two genera of genuine species, Metaphire and Amynthas, respectively. PCR amplification was performed with the designed primers on crude drugs of Pheretima and NXTCs. The purified PCR products were sequenced and the obtained sequences were identified to species level with top hit of similarity with BLAST against GenBank nucleotide database. Results Primers MF2R2 and AF3R1 could amplify specific DNA fragments with sizes around 230–250 bp, both in crude drugs and NXTC. With sequencing and the BLAST search, identities of the tested samples were found. Conclusion This study indicated that the molecular approach is effective for identifying Pheretima in NXTC. Therefore, DNA identification may contribute to the quality control and assurance of NXTC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:13:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-150ff08bc7d145b387b8a964f87c0656 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-8546 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:13:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chinese Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-150ff08bc7d145b387b8a964f87c06562022-12-22T00:55:30ZengBMCChinese Medicine1749-85462019-09-011411810.1186/s13020-019-0264-7Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsuleXiaoxiao Zhu0Hoi-Yan Wu1Pang-Chui Shaw2Wei Peng3Weiwei Su4Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityLi Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong KongLi Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong KongGuangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityAbstract Background Pheretima is a minister drug in Naoxintong capsule (NXTC), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Owing to the loss of morphological and microscopic characteristics and the lack of recognized chemical marker, it is difficult to identify Pheretima in NXTC. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using DNA techniques to authenticate Pheretima, especially when it is processed into NXTC. Methods DNA was extracted from crude drugs of the genuine and adulterant species, as well as nine batches of NXTCs. Based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, specific primers were designed for two genera of genuine species, Metaphire and Amynthas, respectively. PCR amplification was performed with the designed primers on crude drugs of Pheretima and NXTCs. The purified PCR products were sequenced and the obtained sequences were identified to species level with top hit of similarity with BLAST against GenBank nucleotide database. Results Primers MF2R2 and AF3R1 could amplify specific DNA fragments with sizes around 230–250 bp, both in crude drugs and NXTC. With sequencing and the BLAST search, identities of the tested samples were found. Conclusion This study indicated that the molecular approach is effective for identifying Pheretima in NXTC. Therefore, DNA identification may contribute to the quality control and assurance of NXTC.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13020-019-0264-7PheretimaNaoxintong capsuleDNA identificationCOI gene |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoxiao Zhu Hoi-Yan Wu Pang-Chui Shaw Wei Peng Weiwei Su Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule Chinese Medicine Pheretima Naoxintong capsule DNA identification COI gene |
| title | Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule |
| title_full | Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule |
| title_fullStr | Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule |
| title_full_unstemmed | Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule |
| title_short | Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule |
| title_sort | specific dna identification of pheretima in the naoxintong capsule |
| topic | Pheretima Naoxintong capsule DNA identification COI gene |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13020-019-0264-7 |
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