Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis
Increased absorption of optical materials arising from exposure to ionizing radiation must be accounted for to accurately analyze laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data retrieved from high-radiation environments. We evaluate this effect on two examples that mimic the diagnostics placed wit...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/691 |
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| author | Londrea J. Garrett Bryan W. Morgan Miloš Burger Yunu Lee Hyeongbin Kim Piyush Sabharwall Sungyeol Choi Igor Jovanovic |
| author_facet | Londrea J. Garrett Bryan W. Morgan Miloš Burger Yunu Lee Hyeongbin Kim Piyush Sabharwall Sungyeol Choi Igor Jovanovic |
| author_sort | Londrea J. Garrett |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increased absorption of optical materials arising from exposure to ionizing radiation must be accounted for to accurately analyze laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data retrieved from high-radiation environments. We evaluate this effect on two examples that mimic the diagnostics placed within novel nuclear reactor designs. The analysis is performed on LIBS data measured with 1% Xe gas in an ambient He environment and 1% Eu in a molten LiCl-KCl matrix, along with the measured optical absorption from the gamma- and neutron-irradiated low-OH fused silica and sapphire glasses. Significant changes in the number of laser shots required to reach a 3<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>σ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> detection level are observed for the Eu data, increasing by two orders of magnitude after exposure to a 1.7 × 10<sup>17</sup> n/cm<sup>2</sup> neutron fluence. For all cases examined, the spectral dependence of absorption results in the introduction of systematic errors. Moreover, if lines from different spectral regions are used to create Boltzmann plots, this attenuation leads to statistically significant changes in the temperatures calculated from the Xe II lines and Eu II lines, lowering them from 8000 ± 610 K to 6900 ± 810 K and from 15,800 ± 400 K to 7200 ± 800 K, respectively, for exposure to the 1.7 × 10<sup>17</sup> n/cm<sup>2</sup> fluence. The temperature range required for a 95% confidence interval for the calculated temperature is also broadened. In the case of measuring the Xe spectrum, these effects may be mitigated using only the longer-wavelength spectral region, where radiation attenuation is relatively small, or through analysis using the iterative Saha–Boltzmann method. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:17:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-15177e65e5084e1ca3037fa370d7da812023-12-01T00:25:55ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-01-0123269110.3390/s23020691Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data AnalysisLondrea J. Garrett0Bryan W. Morgan1Miloš Burger2Yunu Lee3Hyeongbin Kim4Piyush Sabharwall5Sungyeol Choi6Igor Jovanovic7Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaIdaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USADepartment of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAIncreased absorption of optical materials arising from exposure to ionizing radiation must be accounted for to accurately analyze laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data retrieved from high-radiation environments. We evaluate this effect on two examples that mimic the diagnostics placed within novel nuclear reactor designs. The analysis is performed on LIBS data measured with 1% Xe gas in an ambient He environment and 1% Eu in a molten LiCl-KCl matrix, along with the measured optical absorption from the gamma- and neutron-irradiated low-OH fused silica and sapphire glasses. Significant changes in the number of laser shots required to reach a 3<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>σ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> detection level are observed for the Eu data, increasing by two orders of magnitude after exposure to a 1.7 × 10<sup>17</sup> n/cm<sup>2</sup> neutron fluence. For all cases examined, the spectral dependence of absorption results in the introduction of systematic errors. Moreover, if lines from different spectral regions are used to create Boltzmann plots, this attenuation leads to statistically significant changes in the temperatures calculated from the Xe II lines and Eu II lines, lowering them from 8000 ± 610 K to 6900 ± 810 K and from 15,800 ± 400 K to 7200 ± 800 K, respectively, for exposure to the 1.7 × 10<sup>17</sup> n/cm<sup>2</sup> fluence. The temperature range required for a 95% confidence interval for the calculated temperature is also broadened. In the case of measuring the Xe spectrum, these effects may be mitigated using only the longer-wavelength spectral region, where radiation attenuation is relatively small, or through analysis using the iterative Saha–Boltzmann method.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/691laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)gamma irradiationneutron irradiationadvanced reactorsoptical absorption |
| spellingShingle | Londrea J. Garrett Bryan W. Morgan Miloš Burger Yunu Lee Hyeongbin Kim Piyush Sabharwall Sungyeol Choi Igor Jovanovic Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis Sensors laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) gamma irradiation neutron irradiation advanced reactors optical absorption |
| title | Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis |
| title_full | Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis |
| title_short | Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis |
| title_sort | impact of glass irradiation on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy data analysis |
| topic | laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) gamma irradiation neutron irradiation advanced reactors optical absorption |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/691 |
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