Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals Detoxification
This study investigated the phycoremediation abilities of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (microalga) and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> (cyanobacterium) for the detoxification of polluted river water. Lab-scale phycoremediation experiments were conducted for 20 days at 30 °C using the...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/5/675 |
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| author | Md. Shakir Ahammed Md. Abdul Baten Muhammad Aslam Ali Shahin Mahmud Md. Sirajul Islam Bhim Sen Thapa Md. Aminul Islam Md. Alim Miah Tanmoy Roy Tusher |
| author_facet | Md. Shakir Ahammed Md. Abdul Baten Muhammad Aslam Ali Shahin Mahmud Md. Sirajul Islam Bhim Sen Thapa Md. Aminul Islam Md. Alim Miah Tanmoy Roy Tusher |
| author_sort | Md. Shakir Ahammed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the phycoremediation abilities of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (microalga) and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> (cyanobacterium) for the detoxification of polluted river water. Lab-scale phycoremediation experiments were conducted for 20 days at 30 °C using the microalgal and cyanobacterial strains and water samples collected from the Dhaleswari river in Bangladesh. The physicochemical properties such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), hardness ions, and heavy metals of the collected water samples indicated that the river water is highly polluted. The results of the phycoremediation experiments demonstrated that both microalgal and cyanobacterial species significantly reduced the pollutant load and heavy metal concentrations of the river water. The pH of the river water was significantly raised from 6.97 to 8.07 and 8.28 by <i>C. vulgaris</i> and <i>A. variabilis</i>, respectively. <i>A. variabilis</i> demonstrated higher efficacy than <i>C. vulgaris</i> in reducing the EC, TDS, and BOD of the polluted river water and was more effective at reducing the pollutant load of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> and Zn. In regard to hardness ions and heavy metal detoxification, <i>C. vulgaris</i> performed better at removing Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Cr, and Mn. These findings indicate that both microalgae and cyanobacteria have great potential to remove various pollutants, especially heavy metals, from the polluted river water as part of a low-cost, easily controllable, environmentally friendly remediation strategy. Nevertheless, the composition of polluted water should be assessed prior to the designing of microalgae- or cyanobacteria-based remediation technology, since the pollutant removal efficiency is found to be species dependent. |
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| id | doaj.art-151945a6376141cd91f7f6805b936457 |
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| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:55:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-151945a6376141cd91f7f6805b9364572023-11-18T00:32:49ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-05-0112567510.3390/biology12050675Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals DetoxificationMd. Shakir Ahammed0Md. Abdul Baten1Muhammad Aslam Ali2Shahin Mahmud3Md. Sirajul Islam4Bhim Sen Thapa5Md. Aminul Islam6Md. Alim Miah7Tanmoy Roy Tusher8Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BangladeshDepartment of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BangladeshDepartment of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BangladeshDepartment of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1902, BangladeshDepartment of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1902, BangladeshDepartment of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USADepartment of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BangladeshDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Trishal, Mymensingh 2224, BangladeshDepartment of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1902, BangladeshThis study investigated the phycoremediation abilities of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (microalga) and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> (cyanobacterium) for the detoxification of polluted river water. Lab-scale phycoremediation experiments were conducted for 20 days at 30 °C using the microalgal and cyanobacterial strains and water samples collected from the Dhaleswari river in Bangladesh. The physicochemical properties such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), hardness ions, and heavy metals of the collected water samples indicated that the river water is highly polluted. The results of the phycoremediation experiments demonstrated that both microalgal and cyanobacterial species significantly reduced the pollutant load and heavy metal concentrations of the river water. The pH of the river water was significantly raised from 6.97 to 8.07 and 8.28 by <i>C. vulgaris</i> and <i>A. variabilis</i>, respectively. <i>A. variabilis</i> demonstrated higher efficacy than <i>C. vulgaris</i> in reducing the EC, TDS, and BOD of the polluted river water and was more effective at reducing the pollutant load of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> and Zn. In regard to hardness ions and heavy metal detoxification, <i>C. vulgaris</i> performed better at removing Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Cr, and Mn. These findings indicate that both microalgae and cyanobacteria have great potential to remove various pollutants, especially heavy metals, from the polluted river water as part of a low-cost, easily controllable, environmentally friendly remediation strategy. Nevertheless, the composition of polluted water should be assessed prior to the designing of microalgae- or cyanobacteria-based remediation technology, since the pollutant removal efficiency is found to be species dependent.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/5/675bioremediationmicroalgaecyanobacteriaheavy metalspollutant removal |
| spellingShingle | Md. Shakir Ahammed Md. Abdul Baten Muhammad Aslam Ali Shahin Mahmud Md. Sirajul Islam Bhim Sen Thapa Md. Aminul Islam Md. Alim Miah Tanmoy Roy Tusher Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals Detoxification Biology bioremediation microalgae cyanobacteria heavy metals pollutant removal |
| title | Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals Detoxification |
| title_full | Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals Detoxification |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals Detoxification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals Detoxification |
| title_short | Comparative Evaluation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> for Phycoremediation of Polluted River Water: Spotlighting Heavy Metals Detoxification |
| title_sort | comparative evaluation of i chlorella vulgaris i and i anabaena variabilis i for phycoremediation of polluted river water spotlighting heavy metals detoxification |
| topic | bioremediation microalgae cyanobacteria heavy metals pollutant removal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/5/675 |
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