Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures
This study aimed to examine metacognitive abilities in individuals diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) by using online metacognitive measures during cognitive tasks. A total of 100 participants were enrolled, all aged 50 or older (mean age = 61.98; SD = 6.27), and with a minimum...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Intelligence |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3200/11/9/184 |
| _version_ | 1797579348679589888 |
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| author | Grigoria Bampa Magdalini Tsolaki Despina Moraitou Panagiota Metallidou Elvira Masoura Maria Mintziviri Konstantinos Paparis Dorothea Tsourou Georgia Papantoniou Maria Sofologi Vasileios Papaliagkas Georgios Kougioumtzis Efthymios Papatzikis |
| author_facet | Grigoria Bampa Magdalini Tsolaki Despina Moraitou Panagiota Metallidou Elvira Masoura Maria Mintziviri Konstantinos Paparis Dorothea Tsourou Georgia Papantoniou Maria Sofologi Vasileios Papaliagkas Georgios Kougioumtzis Efthymios Papatzikis |
| author_sort | Grigoria Bampa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to examine metacognitive abilities in individuals diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) by using online metacognitive measures during cognitive tasks. A total of 100 participants were enrolled, all aged 50 or older (mean age = 61.98; SD = 6.27), and with a minimum of six years of education (mean = 14.95; SD = 2.94). The sample included 50 individuals with aMCI (34 females) and 50 healthy controls (HC) (33 females). Both groups underwent metacognitive versions of memory tasks (Doors and People) and executive functions tasks (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test). Metacognition was assessed through confidence ratings given after each answer (referred to as metacognitive monitoring) and the accuracy of the participants’ decisions to include or exclude answers from their final scores (known as metacognitive control). The results showed that although individuals with aMCI were aware of their cognitive limitations—evidenced by their lower confidence ratings across all tasks—they still exhibited overconfidence relative to their actual performance. Moreover, they included a greater number of incorrect answers in their final scores compared to the healthy control group. These findings suggest that while individuals with aMCI retain some level of awareness, their self-evaluations appear to lack precision. This observation was consistent across both types of cognitive tasks. The results underscore the need for additional research to better understand metacognition in MCI as well as the interplay between metacognitive monitoring and control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-152336b0a59c4e6ea4e251b8a3b2bb3d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-3200 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Intelligence |
| spelling | doaj.art-152336b0a59c4e6ea4e251b8a3b2bb3d2023-11-19T11:25:04ZengMDPI AGJournal of Intelligence2079-32002023-09-0111918410.3390/jintelligence11090184Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online MeasuresGrigoria Bampa0Magdalini Tsolaki1Despina Moraitou2Panagiota Metallidou3Elvira Masoura4Maria Mintziviri5Konstantinos Paparis6Dorothea Tsourou7Georgia Papantoniou8Maria Sofologi9Vasileios Papaliagkas10Georgios Kougioumtzis11Efthymios Papatzikis12Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Cognition, Brain and Behavior, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI–AUTH), Balcan Center, Buildings A & B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Cognition, Brain and Behavior, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Cognition, Brain and Behavior, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Cognition, Brain and Behavior, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceSchool of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceSchool of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceSchool of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Turkish and Modern Asian Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Early Childhood Education and Care, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0167 Oslo, NorwayThis study aimed to examine metacognitive abilities in individuals diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) by using online metacognitive measures during cognitive tasks. A total of 100 participants were enrolled, all aged 50 or older (mean age = 61.98; SD = 6.27), and with a minimum of six years of education (mean = 14.95; SD = 2.94). The sample included 50 individuals with aMCI (34 females) and 50 healthy controls (HC) (33 females). Both groups underwent metacognitive versions of memory tasks (Doors and People) and executive functions tasks (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test). Metacognition was assessed through confidence ratings given after each answer (referred to as metacognitive monitoring) and the accuracy of the participants’ decisions to include or exclude answers from their final scores (known as metacognitive control). The results showed that although individuals with aMCI were aware of their cognitive limitations—evidenced by their lower confidence ratings across all tasks—they still exhibited overconfidence relative to their actual performance. Moreover, they included a greater number of incorrect answers in their final scores compared to the healthy control group. These findings suggest that while individuals with aMCI retain some level of awareness, their self-evaluations appear to lack precision. This observation was consistent across both types of cognitive tasks. The results underscore the need for additional research to better understand metacognition in MCI as well as the interplay between metacognitive monitoring and control.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3200/11/9/184metacognitive controlmetacognitive monitoringfeeling of confidencemild cognitive impairmentexecutive functionsmemory |
| spellingShingle | Grigoria Bampa Magdalini Tsolaki Despina Moraitou Panagiota Metallidou Elvira Masoura Maria Mintziviri Konstantinos Paparis Dorothea Tsourou Georgia Papantoniou Maria Sofologi Vasileios Papaliagkas Georgios Kougioumtzis Efthymios Papatzikis Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures Journal of Intelligence metacognitive control metacognitive monitoring feeling of confidence mild cognitive impairment executive functions memory |
| title | Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures |
| title_full | Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures |
| title_fullStr | Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures |
| title_short | Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures |
| title_sort | metacognitive differences in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and healthy cognition a cross sectional study employing online measures |
| topic | metacognitive control metacognitive monitoring feeling of confidence mild cognitive impairment executive functions memory |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-3200/11/9/184 |
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