Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black Youth
Background: Among most minority groups, males seem to report higher levels of exposure and vulnerability to racial discrimination. Although darker skin tone may increase exposure to racial discrimination, it is yet unknown whether skin tone similarly influences perceived discrimination among male an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/4/12/107 |
| _version_ | 1818413961287041024 |
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| author | Shervin Assari Cleopatra Howard Caldwell |
| author_facet | Shervin Assari Cleopatra Howard Caldwell |
| author_sort | Shervin Assari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Among most minority groups, males seem to report higher levels of exposure and vulnerability to racial discrimination. Although darker skin tone may increase exposure to racial discrimination, it is yet unknown whether skin tone similarly influences perceived discrimination among male and female Caribbean Black youth. Objective: The current cross-sectional study tests the role of gender on the effects of skin tone on perceived discrimination among Caribbean Black youth. Methods: Data came from the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), 2003–2004, which included 360 Caribbean Black youth (ages 13 to 17). Demographic factors (age and gender), socioeconomic status (SES; family income, income to needs ratio, and subjective SES), skin tone, and perceived everyday discrimination were measured. Linear regressions were used for data analysis. Results: In the pooled sample, darker skin tone was associated with higher levels of perceived discrimination among Caribbean Black youth (b = 0.48; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.07–0.89). A significant interaction was found between gender and skin tone (b = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.49–1.86), suggesting a larger effect of skin tone on perceived discrimination for males than females. In stratified models, darker skin tone was associated with more perceived discrimination for males (b = 1.20; 95% CI = 0.69–0.72) but not females (b = 0.06; 95% CI = −0.42–0.55). Conclusion: Similar to the literature documenting male gender as a vulnerability factor to the effects of racial discrimination, we found that male but not female Caribbean Black youth with darker skin tones perceive more discrimination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T11:11:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-152817300def4b63a767a58b12a0c0c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T11:11:31Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-152817300def4b63a767a58b12a0c0c72022-12-21T23:04:15ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672017-12-0141210710.3390/children4120107children4120107Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black YouthShervin Assari0Cleopatra Howard Caldwell1Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USACenter for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USABackground: Among most minority groups, males seem to report higher levels of exposure and vulnerability to racial discrimination. Although darker skin tone may increase exposure to racial discrimination, it is yet unknown whether skin tone similarly influences perceived discrimination among male and female Caribbean Black youth. Objective: The current cross-sectional study tests the role of gender on the effects of skin tone on perceived discrimination among Caribbean Black youth. Methods: Data came from the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), 2003–2004, which included 360 Caribbean Black youth (ages 13 to 17). Demographic factors (age and gender), socioeconomic status (SES; family income, income to needs ratio, and subjective SES), skin tone, and perceived everyday discrimination were measured. Linear regressions were used for data analysis. Results: In the pooled sample, darker skin tone was associated with higher levels of perceived discrimination among Caribbean Black youth (b = 0.48; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.07–0.89). A significant interaction was found between gender and skin tone (b = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.49–1.86), suggesting a larger effect of skin tone on perceived discrimination for males than females. In stratified models, darker skin tone was associated with more perceived discrimination for males (b = 1.20; 95% CI = 0.69–0.72) but not females (b = 0.06; 95% CI = −0.42–0.55). Conclusion: Similar to the literature documenting male gender as a vulnerability factor to the effects of racial discrimination, we found that male but not female Caribbean Black youth with darker skin tones perceive more discrimination.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/4/12/107ethnic groupsracismracial discriminationraceBlacksCaribbean Blacksgenderbiasskin tone |
| spellingShingle | Shervin Assari Cleopatra Howard Caldwell Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black Youth Children ethnic groups racism racial discrimination race Blacks Caribbean Blacks gender bias skin tone |
| title | Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black Youth |
| title_full | Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black Youth |
| title_fullStr | Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black Youth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black Youth |
| title_short | Darker Skin Tone Increases Perceived Discrimination among Male but Not Female Caribbean Black Youth |
| title_sort | darker skin tone increases perceived discrimination among male but not female caribbean black youth |
| topic | ethnic groups racism racial discrimination race Blacks Caribbean Blacks gender bias skin tone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/4/12/107 |
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