An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada.
<h4>Background</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing health disparities and disproportionately affected vulnerable individuals and communities (e.g., low-income, precariously housed or in institutional settings, racialized, migrant, refugee, 2SLBGTQ+). Despite their higher risk...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279929 |
| _version_ | 1797943978338811904 |
|---|---|
| author | Ksenia Kholina Shawn H E Harmon Janice E Graham |
| author_facet | Ksenia Kholina Shawn H E Harmon Janice E Graham |
| author_sort | Ksenia Kholina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing health disparities and disproportionately affected vulnerable individuals and communities (e.g., low-income, precariously housed or in institutional settings, racialized, migrant, refugee, 2SLBGTQ+). Despite their higher risk of infection and sub-optimal access to healthcare, Canada's COVID-19 vaccination strategy focused primarily on age, as well as medical and occupational risk factors.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a mixed-methods constant comparative qualitative analysis of epidemiological data from a national database of COVID-19 cases and vaccine coverage in four Canadian jurisdictions. Jurisdictional policies, policy updates, and associated press releases were collected from government websites, and qualitative data were collected through 34 semi-structured interviews of key informants from nine Canadian jurisdictions. Interviews were coded and analyzed for themes and patterns.<h4>Results</h4>COVID-19 vaccines were rolled out in Canada in three phases, each accompanied by specific challenges. Vaccine delivery systems typically featured large-venue mass immunization sites that presented a variety of barriers for those from vulnerable communities. The engagement and targeted outreach that featured in the later phases were driven predominantly by the efforts of community organizations and primary care providers, with limited support from provincial governments.<h4>Conclusions</h4>While COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada is largely considered a success, such an interpretation is shaped by the metrics chosen. Vaccine delivery systems across Canada need substantial improvements to ensure optimal uptake and equitable access for all. Our findings suggest a more equitable model for vaccine delivery featuring early establishment of local barrier-free clinics, culturally safe and representative environment, as well as multi-lingual assistance, among other vulnerability-sensitive elements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:32:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-152989cbef524b27803a81064ed09979 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:32:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-152989cbef524b27803a81064ed099792023-01-25T05:32:37ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-011712e027992910.1371/journal.pone.0279929An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada.Ksenia KholinaShawn H E HarmonJanice E Graham<h4>Background</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing health disparities and disproportionately affected vulnerable individuals and communities (e.g., low-income, precariously housed or in institutional settings, racialized, migrant, refugee, 2SLBGTQ+). Despite their higher risk of infection and sub-optimal access to healthcare, Canada's COVID-19 vaccination strategy focused primarily on age, as well as medical and occupational risk factors.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a mixed-methods constant comparative qualitative analysis of epidemiological data from a national database of COVID-19 cases and vaccine coverage in four Canadian jurisdictions. Jurisdictional policies, policy updates, and associated press releases were collected from government websites, and qualitative data were collected through 34 semi-structured interviews of key informants from nine Canadian jurisdictions. Interviews were coded and analyzed for themes and patterns.<h4>Results</h4>COVID-19 vaccines were rolled out in Canada in three phases, each accompanied by specific challenges. Vaccine delivery systems typically featured large-venue mass immunization sites that presented a variety of barriers for those from vulnerable communities. The engagement and targeted outreach that featured in the later phases were driven predominantly by the efforts of community organizations and primary care providers, with limited support from provincial governments.<h4>Conclusions</h4>While COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada is largely considered a success, such an interpretation is shaped by the metrics chosen. Vaccine delivery systems across Canada need substantial improvements to ensure optimal uptake and equitable access for all. Our findings suggest a more equitable model for vaccine delivery featuring early establishment of local barrier-free clinics, culturally safe and representative environment, as well as multi-lingual assistance, among other vulnerability-sensitive elements.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279929 |
| spellingShingle | Ksenia Kholina Shawn H E Harmon Janice E Graham An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada. PLoS ONE |
| title | An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada. |
| title_full | An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada. |
| title_fullStr | An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada. |
| title_full_unstemmed | An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada. |
| title_short | An equitable vaccine delivery system: Lessons from the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Canada. |
| title_sort | equitable vaccine delivery system lessons from the covid 19 vaccine rollout in canada |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279929 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kseniakholina anequitablevaccinedeliverysystemlessonsfromthecovid19vaccinerolloutincanada AT shawnheharmon anequitablevaccinedeliverysystemlessonsfromthecovid19vaccinerolloutincanada AT janiceegraham anequitablevaccinedeliverysystemlessonsfromthecovid19vaccinerolloutincanada AT kseniakholina equitablevaccinedeliverysystemlessonsfromthecovid19vaccinerolloutincanada AT shawnheharmon equitablevaccinedeliverysystemlessonsfromthecovid19vaccinerolloutincanada AT janiceegraham equitablevaccinedeliverysystemlessonsfromthecovid19vaccinerolloutincanada |