Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata
Abstract Glyphosate is a herbicide commonly used in agriculture for weed control. Current agricultural production demands vast amounts of this product, which are applied by ground or aerial spraying. The concomitant aerial currents promote glyphosate drift to vegetated or urban areas. In this contex...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Instituto Internacional de Ecologia
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842023000100833&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1797733672204369920 |
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| author | A. M. dos Santos L. A. Bessa D. S. S. Augusto S. C. Vasconcelos Filho P. F. Batista L. C. Vitorino |
| author_facet | A. M. dos Santos L. A. Bessa D. S. S. Augusto S. C. Vasconcelos Filho P. F. Batista L. C. Vitorino |
| author_sort | A. M. dos Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Glyphosate is a herbicide commonly used in agriculture for weed control. Current agricultural production demands vast amounts of this product, which are applied by ground or aerial spraying. The concomitant aerial currents promote glyphosate drift to vegetated or urban areas. In this context, we hypothesized that the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorum and Usnea barbata, could be sensitive to the action of glyphosate and therefore be used to bio-indicate the presence of this herbicide in areas affected by drift. Since living organisms respond in different ways to the action of herbicides, our interest was also to indicate biological markers responsive to the action of glyphosate, through concentrations and exposure times of the thallus, besides identifying the most sensitive species. We evaluated the effect of different concentrations (0.0, 4.8, 9.6, and 19.2 mg L-1) and exposure times (24, 48, and 72 hours) to glyphosate on the morphoanatomy, photobiont vitality, photosynthetic efficiency, and oxidative metabolism of the thalli. We found that the lichens, P. tinctorum and U. barbata, respond to glyphosate stress, with prospects for use in the biomonitoring of pollutant dispersal from plantation areas. When using P. tinctorum as a bioindicator, lichen morphoanatomy, photobiont vitality, and photosynthetic pigment concentration were efficient biomarkers for the effect of concentration and exposure time. For U. barbata, the lichenic morphoanatomy and the activity of SOD and APX enzymes were essential tools to indicate the herbicide action. Parmotrema tinctotum, however, was characterized as more sensitive in bio-indicating the presence of this herbicide to diagnose the air quality in urban areas or vegetation sectors adjacent to agricultural environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:31:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-153fa7b1eef349589a60b3ad323572a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-4375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:31:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Instituto Internacional de Ecologia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-153fa7b1eef349589a60b3ad323572a52023-08-29T07:46:59ZengInstituto Internacional de EcologiaBrazilian Journal of Biology1678-43752023-08-018310.1590/1519-6984.273069Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbataA. M. dos Santoshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6205-8721L. A. Bessahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6286-9260D. S. S. Augustohttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-3667-0262S. C. Vasconcelos Filhohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-7062P. F. Batistahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3840-9066L. C. Vitorinohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7271-9573Abstract Glyphosate is a herbicide commonly used in agriculture for weed control. Current agricultural production demands vast amounts of this product, which are applied by ground or aerial spraying. The concomitant aerial currents promote glyphosate drift to vegetated or urban areas. In this context, we hypothesized that the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorum and Usnea barbata, could be sensitive to the action of glyphosate and therefore be used to bio-indicate the presence of this herbicide in areas affected by drift. Since living organisms respond in different ways to the action of herbicides, our interest was also to indicate biological markers responsive to the action of glyphosate, through concentrations and exposure times of the thallus, besides identifying the most sensitive species. We evaluated the effect of different concentrations (0.0, 4.8, 9.6, and 19.2 mg L-1) and exposure times (24, 48, and 72 hours) to glyphosate on the morphoanatomy, photobiont vitality, photosynthetic efficiency, and oxidative metabolism of the thalli. We found that the lichens, P. tinctorum and U. barbata, respond to glyphosate stress, with prospects for use in the biomonitoring of pollutant dispersal from plantation areas. When using P. tinctorum as a bioindicator, lichen morphoanatomy, photobiont vitality, and photosynthetic pigment concentration were efficient biomarkers for the effect of concentration and exposure time. For U. barbata, the lichenic morphoanatomy and the activity of SOD and APX enzymes were essential tools to indicate the herbicide action. Parmotrema tinctotum, however, was characterized as more sensitive in bio-indicating the presence of this herbicide to diagnose the air quality in urban areas or vegetation sectors adjacent to agricultural environments.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842023000100833&lng=en&tlng=enbiomonitoringphotobiontsherbicidesmycobiontsParmeliaceae |
| spellingShingle | A. M. dos Santos L. A. Bessa D. S. S. Augusto S. C. Vasconcelos Filho P. F. Batista L. C. Vitorino Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata Brazilian Journal of Biology biomonitoring photobionts herbicides mycobionts Parmeliaceae |
| title | Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata |
| title_full | Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata |
| title_fullStr | Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata |
| title_short | Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata |
| title_sort | biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens parmotrema tinctorium and usnea barbata |
| topic | biomonitoring photobionts herbicides mycobionts Parmeliaceae |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842023000100833&lng=en&tlng=en |
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