Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria)
Twenty groundwater samples were collected and then examined for physical (pH, EC, TDS) and chemical (Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,HCO3−,Cl−,SO42−,NO3) parameters, followed by multivariate statistics to determine the current state of groundwater quality and to assess the suitability of these resources for drinki...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ecological Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jeeng.net/Assessment-and-Physicochemical-Characterization-of-Groundwater-Quality-for-Irrigation,150696,0,2.html |
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| author | Samia Bounab Kaddour Khemmoudj Nassima Sedrati |
| author_facet | Samia Bounab Kaddour Khemmoudj Nassima Sedrati |
| author_sort | Samia Bounab |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Twenty groundwater samples were collected and then examined for physical (pH, EC, TDS) and chemical (Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,HCO3−,Cl−,SO42−,NO3) parameters, followed by multivariate statistics to determine the current state of groundwater quality and to assess the suitability of these resources for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Baser Sakhra area localized in Eastern of Algeria. The analysis carried out showed that the cations trend in most of the groundwater samples is on the order of Ca2+˃Na+˃Mg2+˃K+ and the anions trend is on the order of HCO3-˃SO42-˃Cl-. Stabler diagram demonstrated the predominance of Ca2+- HCO3- hydro-chemical facies (80%). Moreover, the parameters, such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percentage sodium (%Na+), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), potential salinity (PS), and magnesium hazard (MH) were evaluated for the suitability of groundwater for irrigation. The values obtained in this investigation concluded that most of the groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation. From the other approach, the Water Quality Index for drinking (WQI) was also used in the current study. WQI ranged from 72.46 to 506.426, indicating that 40% of the samples were suitable for drinking however, 60% of them belong to the poor to unsuitable category of drinking water in terms of physicochemical properties, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) norms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:52:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-156855aad6a74a1583d41c004fdcd959 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2299-8993 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:52:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ecological Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-156855aad6a74a1583d41c004fdcd9592022-12-22T03:32:26ZengPolish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)Journal of Ecological Engineering2299-89932022-08-0123811813110.12911/22998993/150696150696Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria)Samia Bounab0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8981-127XKaddour Khemmoudj1Nassima Sedrati2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1248-9566Research Laboratory of Applied Hydraulics and Environment, Faculty of Technology, University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, AlgeriaLaboratory of Applied Zoology and Animal Ecophysiolog, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, AlgeriaWater Resource Laboratory & Sustainable Development REDD, Badji Mokhtar University BP. 12, 23000 Annaba, AlgeriaTwenty groundwater samples were collected and then examined for physical (pH, EC, TDS) and chemical (Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,HCO3−,Cl−,SO42−,NO3) parameters, followed by multivariate statistics to determine the current state of groundwater quality and to assess the suitability of these resources for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Baser Sakhra area localized in Eastern of Algeria. The analysis carried out showed that the cations trend in most of the groundwater samples is on the order of Ca2+˃Na+˃Mg2+˃K+ and the anions trend is on the order of HCO3-˃SO42-˃Cl-. Stabler diagram demonstrated the predominance of Ca2+- HCO3- hydro-chemical facies (80%). Moreover, the parameters, such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percentage sodium (%Na+), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), potential salinity (PS), and magnesium hazard (MH) were evaluated for the suitability of groundwater for irrigation. The values obtained in this investigation concluded that most of the groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation. From the other approach, the Water Quality Index for drinking (WQI) was also used in the current study. WQI ranged from 72.46 to 506.426, indicating that 40% of the samples were suitable for drinking however, 60% of them belong to the poor to unsuitable category of drinking water in terms of physicochemical properties, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) norms.http://www.jeeng.net/Assessment-and-Physicochemical-Characterization-of-Groundwater-Quality-for-Irrigation,150696,0,2.htmldrinking watergroundwaterirrigation waterwater quality indexhydro-chemical facies |
| spellingShingle | Samia Bounab Kaddour Khemmoudj Nassima Sedrati Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria) Journal of Ecological Engineering drinking water groundwater irrigation water water quality index hydro-chemical facies |
| title | Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria) |
| title_full | Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria) |
| title_fullStr | Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria) |
| title_short | Assessment and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation and Drinking Purposes in Bazer Sakhra (Eastern Area of Algeria) |
| title_sort | assessment and physicochemical characterization of groundwater quality for irrigation and drinking purposes in bazer sakhra eastern area of algeria |
| topic | drinking water groundwater irrigation water water quality index hydro-chemical facies |
| url | http://www.jeeng.net/Assessment-and-Physicochemical-Characterization-of-Groundwater-Quality-for-Irrigation,150696,0,2.html |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samiabounab assessmentandphysicochemicalcharacterizationofgroundwaterqualityforirrigationanddrinkingpurposesinbazersakhraeasternareaofalgeria AT kaddourkhemmoudj assessmentandphysicochemicalcharacterizationofgroundwaterqualityforirrigationanddrinkingpurposesinbazersakhraeasternareaofalgeria AT nassimasedrati assessmentandphysicochemicalcharacterizationofgroundwaterqualityforirrigationanddrinkingpurposesinbazersakhraeasternareaofalgeria |