Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion Detection
Sugarcane bagasse is an abundant biomass waste and a promising carbon source for preparing carbon-based materials such as carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Low quantum yield is a major problem for sugarcane bagasse-based carbon quantum dots. Heteroatom-doped modification is an efficient approach to improv...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/11/453 |
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| author | Shouxiang Sun Shuai Guo Qin Qin Yexin Liao Mei Li Fangkai Du |
| author_facet | Shouxiang Sun Shuai Guo Qin Qin Yexin Liao Mei Li Fangkai Du |
| author_sort | Shouxiang Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sugarcane bagasse is an abundant biomass waste and a promising carbon source for preparing carbon-based materials such as carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Low quantum yield is a major problem for sugarcane bagasse-based carbon quantum dots. Heteroatom-doped modification is an efficient approach to improve the quantum yield. A facile hydrothermal carbonization method was applied to synthesize the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot <b>N-CQDs</b> using urea as the nitrogen source. The synthetic procedure was determined by the single-factor experiments and the response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design (BBD). The optical properties of optimized <b>N-CQD-13</b> were more excellent than those of undoped <b>CQD</b>. Higher quantum yields (both absolute and relative) were observed in <b>N-CQD-13.</b> Additionally, <b>N-CQD-13</b> exhibited high stability for long-time storage and excellent pH tolerance in aqueous solutions. <b>N-CQD-13</b> were applied to detect Fe<sup>3+</sup> in aqueous solutions with a low detection limit of 0.44 μM. The fluorescence lifetime decay of the <b>N-CQD-13</b> solutions untreated and treated with Fe<sup>3+</sup> indicated the probable involvement of a dynamic fluorescence-quenching mechanism. Thus, this work explored a reliable method for the high-quality utilization of bagasse. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:10:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1569e83bd88b4cf8b14cdc661d7b26f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:10:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1569e83bd88b4cf8b14cdc661d7b26f42023-11-24T04:10:27ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402022-11-01101145310.3390/chemosensors10110453Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion DetectionShouxiang Sun0Shuai Guo1Qin Qin2Yexin Liao3Mei Li4Fangkai Du5School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, ChinaSugarcane bagasse is an abundant biomass waste and a promising carbon source for preparing carbon-based materials such as carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Low quantum yield is a major problem for sugarcane bagasse-based carbon quantum dots. Heteroatom-doped modification is an efficient approach to improve the quantum yield. A facile hydrothermal carbonization method was applied to synthesize the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot <b>N-CQDs</b> using urea as the nitrogen source. The synthetic procedure was determined by the single-factor experiments and the response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design (BBD). The optical properties of optimized <b>N-CQD-13</b> were more excellent than those of undoped <b>CQD</b>. Higher quantum yields (both absolute and relative) were observed in <b>N-CQD-13.</b> Additionally, <b>N-CQD-13</b> exhibited high stability for long-time storage and excellent pH tolerance in aqueous solutions. <b>N-CQD-13</b> were applied to detect Fe<sup>3+</sup> in aqueous solutions with a low detection limit of 0.44 μM. The fluorescence lifetime decay of the <b>N-CQD-13</b> solutions untreated and treated with Fe<sup>3+</sup> indicated the probable involvement of a dynamic fluorescence-quenching mechanism. Thus, this work explored a reliable method for the high-quality utilization of bagasse.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/11/453sugarcane bagasseBox–Behnken designhydrothermal carbonizationnitrogen-dopedcarbon quantum dotFe<sup>3+</sup> detection |
| spellingShingle | Shouxiang Sun Shuai Guo Qin Qin Yexin Liao Mei Li Fangkai Du Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion Detection Chemosensors sugarcane bagasse Box–Behnken design hydrothermal carbonization nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot Fe<sup>3+</sup> detection |
| title | Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion Detection |
| title_full | Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion Detection |
| title_fullStr | Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion Detection |
| title_short | Box–Behnken Design Optimizing Sugarcane Bagasse-Based Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Preparation and Application in Ferric Ion Detection |
| title_sort | box behnken design optimizing sugarcane bagasse based nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots preparation and application in ferric ion detection |
| topic | sugarcane bagasse Box–Behnken design hydrothermal carbonization nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot Fe<sup>3+</sup> detection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/11/453 |
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