Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of Algeria
The majority of thermal sources in northeastern of Algeria, is home to a large number of Hammams (spas) with high geothermal potential (El Tarf; Guelma, Souk Ahras, and Skikda). These thermal springs fall into the low temperature category (between 30°C and 150°C), however Hammam Debagh's source...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.ecoeet.com/Geochemical-Study-of-Mineralization-of-the-Thermo-Mineral-Sources-in-the-North-East,174005,0,2.html |
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| author | Dounia Nechem Mani Hannouche Nabil Bougherira Hicham Chaffai |
| author_facet | Dounia Nechem Mani Hannouche Nabil Bougherira Hicham Chaffai |
| author_sort | Dounia Nechem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The majority of thermal sources in northeastern of Algeria, is home to a large number of Hammams (spas) with high geothermal potential (El Tarf; Guelma, Souk Ahras, and Skikda). These thermal springs fall into the low temperature category (between 30°C and 150°C), however Hammam Debagh's source being the warmest at about 90°C.
Multiple field campaigns from 12 thermal springs were conducted in northeastern Algeria between 2020 and 2021 to highlight the geochemistry of these waters. The results show that these geologically protected waters have a totally stable geochemical composition, i.e., they have not undergone any chemical treatment or disinfection before being used thermally. Understanding the origin and mineralization of thermal waters in a continental Mediterranean environment is the focus of this investigation. The monitoring of physical indicators, including pH, temperature (°C), water conductivity, dissolved oxygen, flow, and turbidity, in conjunction with the use of the hydrochemical tool, chemical facies, and the saturation index, was done on the 12 of sites studied. Geological evidence has shown that these waters are typically found in deep aquifers and are subject to brittle tectonics.
The findings of the investigations performed on the thermal waters revealed that for the evaporitic carbonated components, an enrichment in (Na+2) and in (Cl-) mostly attributable to a geological origin, on the other hand, a depletion of halite (under-saturated) and to a lesser extent, gypsum. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:47:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15a2e2bc6ea249df948797694c1cb4dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2719-7050 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:47:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-15a2e2bc6ea249df948797694c1cb4dd2023-11-13T20:27:36ZengPolish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE)Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology2719-70502023-12-0124921822410.12912/27197050/174005174005Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of AlgeriaDounia Nechem0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4463-4948Mani Hannouche1https://orcid.org/0000-0000-0000-0001Nabil Bougherira2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4482-379XHicham Chaffai3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-3199Geology Research Laboratory (LRG), Faculty of Earth Sciences Badji Mokhtar- Annaba University P.O. Box 12, Annaba, AlgeriaGeology Research Laboratory (LRG), Faculty of Earth Sciences Badji Mokhtar- Annaba University P.O. Box 12, Annaba, AlgeriaWater Resource and Sustainable Development Research Laboratory (REDD), Faculty of Earth Sciences Badji Mokhtar, Annaba University P.O. Box 12, Annaba, AlgeriaWater Resource and Sustainable Development Research Laboratory (REDD), Faculty of Earth Sciences Badji Mokhtar, Annaba University P.O. Box 12, Annaba, AlgeriaThe majority of thermal sources in northeastern of Algeria, is home to a large number of Hammams (spas) with high geothermal potential (El Tarf; Guelma, Souk Ahras, and Skikda). These thermal springs fall into the low temperature category (between 30°C and 150°C), however Hammam Debagh's source being the warmest at about 90°C. Multiple field campaigns from 12 thermal springs were conducted in northeastern Algeria between 2020 and 2021 to highlight the geochemistry of these waters. The results show that these geologically protected waters have a totally stable geochemical composition, i.e., they have not undergone any chemical treatment or disinfection before being used thermally. Understanding the origin and mineralization of thermal waters in a continental Mediterranean environment is the focus of this investigation. The monitoring of physical indicators, including pH, temperature (°C), water conductivity, dissolved oxygen, flow, and turbidity, in conjunction with the use of the hydrochemical tool, chemical facies, and the saturation index, was done on the 12 of sites studied. Geological evidence has shown that these waters are typically found in deep aquifers and are subject to brittle tectonics. The findings of the investigations performed on the thermal waters revealed that for the evaporitic carbonated components, an enrichment in (Na+2) and in (Cl-) mostly attributable to a geological origin, on the other hand, a depletion of halite (under-saturated) and to a lesser extent, gypsum.http://www.ecoeet.com/Geochemical-Study-of-Mineralization-of-the-Thermo-Mineral-Sources-in-the-North-East,174005,0,2.htmlmineralizationthermo-mineral watersnorth east of algeriahammamswater faciessaturation index |
| spellingShingle | Dounia Nechem Mani Hannouche Nabil Bougherira Hicham Chaffai Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of Algeria Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology mineralization thermo-mineral waters north east of algeria hammams water facies saturation index |
| title | Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of Algeria |
| title_full | Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of Algeria |
| title_fullStr | Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of Algeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of Algeria |
| title_short | Geochemical Study of Mineralization of the Thermo-Mineral Sources in the North East of Algeria |
| title_sort | geochemical study of mineralization of the thermo mineral sources in the north east of algeria |
| topic | mineralization thermo-mineral waters north east of algeria hammams water facies saturation index |
| url | http://www.ecoeet.com/Geochemical-Study-of-Mineralization-of-the-Thermo-Mineral-Sources-in-the-North-East,174005,0,2.html |
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