Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill
The constant increase in drug resistance, occurrence of incurable diseases and high medical costs, have necessitated bio-prospecting of fungi as alternative sources of therapeutic compounds. This study aimed at assessing the antibacterial effect and mode of action of secondary metabolites from funga...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/13/1/7 |
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| author | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe Melusi Mbambo Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni Ngema Siyanda Senzo Jabulani Siyabonga Emmanuel Shandu |
| author_facet | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe Melusi Mbambo Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni Ngema Siyanda Senzo Jabulani Siyabonga Emmanuel Shandu |
| author_sort | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The constant increase in drug resistance, occurrence of incurable diseases and high medical costs, have necessitated bio-prospecting of fungi as alternative sources of therapeutic compounds. This study aimed at assessing the antibacterial effect and mode of action of secondary metabolites from fungal endophyte associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill. Endophytic fungus was isolated from the gel of <i>A. ferox</i> and identified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequence analysis. The targets of antibacterial activity were assessed based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the effect of the extract on respiratory chain dehydrogenase (RCD) and membrane integrity. Fourier transform-infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) was employed to ascertain functional groups. The fungus with the most promising antibiotic-production was identified as <i>Aspergillus welwitschiae</i> MK450668.1. Its extract exhibited antibacterial activity with the MIC values of 0.5 and 1 mg/mL against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (ATCC 25925) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ATCC 25922). It demonstrated the inhibitory effect on the RCD activity and destruction of membrane integrity on the test bacteria. FTIR spectrum revealed hydroxyl, amine and alkene groups. <i>A. welwitschiae</i> MK450668.1 serves as a potential source of effective compounds to combat the challenge of drug resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:18:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15a655824dba49efaa6c478b2e912fa2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2036-7481 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:18:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-15a655824dba49efaa6c478b2e912fa22023-11-30T21:33:00ZengMDPI AGMicrobiology Research2036-74812022-02-011319010110.3390/microbiolres13010007Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> MillTsolanku Sidney Maliehe0Melusi Mbambo1Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni2Ngema Siyanda Senzo3Jabulani Siyabonga Emmanuel Shandu4Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Kwadlangezwa 3886, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Kwadlangezwa 3886, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Kwadlangezwa 3886, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Kwadlangezwa 3886, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Kwadlangezwa 3886, South AfricaThe constant increase in drug resistance, occurrence of incurable diseases and high medical costs, have necessitated bio-prospecting of fungi as alternative sources of therapeutic compounds. This study aimed at assessing the antibacterial effect and mode of action of secondary metabolites from fungal endophyte associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill. Endophytic fungus was isolated from the gel of <i>A. ferox</i> and identified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequence analysis. The targets of antibacterial activity were assessed based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the effect of the extract on respiratory chain dehydrogenase (RCD) and membrane integrity. Fourier transform-infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) was employed to ascertain functional groups. The fungus with the most promising antibiotic-production was identified as <i>Aspergillus welwitschiae</i> MK450668.1. Its extract exhibited antibacterial activity with the MIC values of 0.5 and 1 mg/mL against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (ATCC 25925) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ATCC 25922). It demonstrated the inhibitory effect on the RCD activity and destruction of membrane integrity on the test bacteria. FTIR spectrum revealed hydroxyl, amine and alkene groups. <i>A. welwitschiae</i> MK450668.1 serves as a potential source of effective compounds to combat the challenge of drug resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/13/1/7<i>Aloe ferox</i> millendophytic fungusantibacterial activity<i>Aspergillus welwitschiae</i> MK450668.1 |
| spellingShingle | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe Melusi Mbambo Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni Ngema Siyanda Senzo Jabulani Siyabonga Emmanuel Shandu Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill Microbiology Research <i>Aloe ferox</i> mill endophytic fungus antibacterial activity <i>Aspergillus welwitschiae</i> MK450668.1 |
| title | Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill |
| title_full | Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill |
| title_short | Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophyte Associated with <i>Aloe ferox</i> Mill |
| title_sort | antibacterial effect and mode of action of secondary metabolites from fungal endophyte associated with i aloe ferox i mill |
| topic | <i>Aloe ferox</i> mill endophytic fungus antibacterial activity <i>Aspergillus welwitschiae</i> MK450668.1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/13/1/7 |
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