Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere
This paper examines the geometry of interstellar magnetic field lines close to the boundary of the heliosphere in the direction of the unperturbed local interstellar magnetic field, where the field lines are spread apart by the heliopause (HP). Such field parting establishes a region of weaker magne...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0b15 |
| _version_ | 1797337857714552832 |
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| author | Vladimir Florinski Juan Alonso Guzman Jens Kleimann Igor Baliukin Keyvan Ghanbari Drew Turner Bertalan Zieger Jozsef Kóta Merav Opher Vladislav Izmodenov Dmitry Alexashov Joe Giacalone John Richardson |
| author_facet | Vladimir Florinski Juan Alonso Guzman Jens Kleimann Igor Baliukin Keyvan Ghanbari Drew Turner Bertalan Zieger Jozsef Kóta Merav Opher Vladislav Izmodenov Dmitry Alexashov Joe Giacalone John Richardson |
| author_sort | Vladimir Florinski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper examines the geometry of interstellar magnetic field lines close to the boundary of the heliosphere in the direction of the unperturbed local interstellar magnetic field, where the field lines are spread apart by the heliopause (HP). Such field parting establishes a region of weaker magnetic field of about 300 au in size in the northern hemisphere that acts as a giant magnetic trap affecting the propagation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). The choice of an analytic model of the magnetic field in the very local interstellar medium allows us to qualitatively study the resulting magnetic field draping pattern while avoiding unphysical dissipation across the HP-impeding numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. We investigate GCR transport in the region exterior to the heliosphere, including the magnetic trap, subject to guiding center drifts, pitch angle scattering, and perpendicular diffusion. The transport coefficients were derived from Voyager 1 observations of magnetic turbulence in the VLISM. Our results predict a ring current of energetic ions drifting around the interior of the magnetic trap. It is also demonstrated that GCRs cross the HP for the first time preferentially through a crescent-shaped region between the magnetic trap and the upwind direction. The paper includes results of MHD modeling of the heliosphere that provide the coordinates of the center of the magnetic trap in ecliptic coordinates. In addition to the heliosphere, we examine several extreme field draping configurations that could describe the astrospheres of other stars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:21:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15bdaeba106b48bcb91b5c8b8e4ae59c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:21:45Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-15bdaeba106b48bcb91b5c8b8e4ae59c2024-01-31T11:33:23ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-01961224410.3847/1538-4357/ad0b15Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the HeliosphereVladimir Florinski0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-2872Juan Alonso Guzman1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9581-3167Jens Kleimann2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-9376Igor Baliukin3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8004-0904Keyvan Ghanbari4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3595-7868Drew Turner5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-7818Bertalan Zieger6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-5200Jozsef Kóta7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3715-0358Merav Opher8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8767-8273Vladislav Izmodenov9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1748-0982Dmitry Alexashov10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-8136Joe Giacalone11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0850-4233John Richardson12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-7540Department of Space Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL, USA ; vaf0001@uah.edu; Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL, USADepartment of Space Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL, USA ; vaf0001@uah.eduInstitut für Theoretische Physik IV, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Bochum, Germany; Ruhr Astroparticle and Plasma Physics Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Bochum, GermanyHSE University , Moscow, RussiaCenter for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL, USAJohns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory , Laurel, MD, USACenter for Space Physics, Boston University , Boston, MA, USALunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ, USADepartment of Astronomy, Boston University , Boston, MA, USAHSE University , Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Moscow, RussiaInstitute for Problems in Mechanics , Moscow 119526, RussiaLunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Planetary Sciences, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ, USAKavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA, USAThis paper examines the geometry of interstellar magnetic field lines close to the boundary of the heliosphere in the direction of the unperturbed local interstellar magnetic field, where the field lines are spread apart by the heliopause (HP). Such field parting establishes a region of weaker magnetic field of about 300 au in size in the northern hemisphere that acts as a giant magnetic trap affecting the propagation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). The choice of an analytic model of the magnetic field in the very local interstellar medium allows us to qualitatively study the resulting magnetic field draping pattern while avoiding unphysical dissipation across the HP-impeding numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. We investigate GCR transport in the region exterior to the heliosphere, including the magnetic trap, subject to guiding center drifts, pitch angle scattering, and perpendicular diffusion. The transport coefficients were derived from Voyager 1 observations of magnetic turbulence in the VLISM. Our results predict a ring current of energetic ions drifting around the interior of the magnetic trap. It is also demonstrated that GCRs cross the HP for the first time preferentially through a crescent-shaped region between the magnetic trap and the upwind direction. The paper includes results of MHD modeling of the heliosphere that provide the coordinates of the center of the magnetic trap in ecliptic coordinates. In addition to the heliosphere, we examine several extreme field draping configurations that could describe the astrospheres of other stars.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0b15HeliosphereGalactic cosmic raysInterstellar magnetic fields |
| spellingShingle | Vladimir Florinski Juan Alonso Guzman Jens Kleimann Igor Baliukin Keyvan Ghanbari Drew Turner Bertalan Zieger Jozsef Kóta Merav Opher Vladislav Izmodenov Dmitry Alexashov Joe Giacalone John Richardson Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere The Astrophysical Journal Heliosphere Galactic cosmic rays Interstellar magnetic fields |
| title | Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere |
| title_full | Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere |
| title_fullStr | Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere |
| title_short | Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere |
| title_sort | magnetic trapping of galactic cosmic rays in the outer heliosheath and their preferential entry into the heliosphere |
| topic | Heliosphere Galactic cosmic rays Interstellar magnetic fields |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0b15 |
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