Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous Generator
We present a small-scale pneumo-hydraulic energy storage system (ss-CAES) which can provide frequency support to a power grid, as fast instantaneous reserve. This system is designed to be maintained at rest until called, thus avoiding idling costs. It utilizes a hydraulic drive train which transmits...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2018-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8543565/ |
| _version_ | 1818557202968870912 |
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| author | Efim Sturov Chris W. Bumby Ramesh Rayudu Rodney A. Badcock Alan R. Wood |
| author_facet | Efim Sturov Chris W. Bumby Ramesh Rayudu Rodney A. Badcock Alan R. Wood |
| author_sort | Efim Sturov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present a small-scale pneumo-hydraulic energy storage system (ss-CAES) which can provide frequency support to a power grid, as fast instantaneous reserve. This system is designed to be maintained at rest until called, thus avoiding idling costs. It utilizes a hydraulic drive train which transmits very high torque directly to the shaft of a synchronous generator, thus enabling rapid acceleration of the rotor. When an under-frequency event occurs, the generator must be accelerated from rest and synchronized to the grid. Here, we show that this is achieved by a ballistic synchronization approach which computes and follows an acceleration trajectory which simultaneously synchronizes both phase and frequency. A two-stage strategy is employed which switches from the ballistic acceleration trajectory to a grid-following mode once the synchronization conditions have been met. Computer simulations indicate that this approach enables very rapid synchronization of a model system to the grid in <;1.5 s. We then demonstrate this approach in hardware by implementing the developed control system upon a 100-kW-rated ss-CAES prototype. The dynamic characteristics of the hardware prototype are experimentally determined to obtain and optimize the key control parameters. These values are then used to demonstrate the start-up and synchronization from the rest of the 100 kW generator to a 50 Hz signal in <;4 s. Our results prove the feasibility of utilizing distributed standalone synchronous generation units for frequency support in small islanded power grids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:56:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15d2f694e7fe4b8784428fb822d5165f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:56:48Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-15d2f694e7fe4b8784428fb822d5165f2022-12-21T23:26:30ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362018-01-016756097561810.1109/ACCESS.2018.28831108543565Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous GeneratorEfim Sturov0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3754-7926Chris W. Bumby1Ramesh Rayudu2Rodney A. Badcock3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0219-9570Alan R. Wood4School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New ZealandSchool of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New ZealandSchool of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New ZealandSchool of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New ZealandDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New ZealandWe present a small-scale pneumo-hydraulic energy storage system (ss-CAES) which can provide frequency support to a power grid, as fast instantaneous reserve. This system is designed to be maintained at rest until called, thus avoiding idling costs. It utilizes a hydraulic drive train which transmits very high torque directly to the shaft of a synchronous generator, thus enabling rapid acceleration of the rotor. When an under-frequency event occurs, the generator must be accelerated from rest and synchronized to the grid. Here, we show that this is achieved by a ballistic synchronization approach which computes and follows an acceleration trajectory which simultaneously synchronizes both phase and frequency. A two-stage strategy is employed which switches from the ballistic acceleration trajectory to a grid-following mode once the synchronization conditions have been met. Computer simulations indicate that this approach enables very rapid synchronization of a model system to the grid in <;1.5 s. We then demonstrate this approach in hardware by implementing the developed control system upon a 100-kW-rated ss-CAES prototype. The dynamic characteristics of the hardware prototype are experimentally determined to obtain and optimize the key control parameters. These values are then used to demonstrate the start-up and synchronization from the rest of the 100 kW generator to a 50 Hz signal in <;4 s. Our results prove the feasibility of utilizing distributed standalone synchronous generation units for frequency support in small islanded power grids.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8543565/Energy storagehydraulic systemspower generationgeneratorscontrol systemsacceleration control |
| spellingShingle | Efim Sturov Chris W. Bumby Ramesh Rayudu Rodney A. Badcock Alan R. Wood Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous Generator IEEE Access Energy storage hydraulic systems power generation generators control systems acceleration control |
| title | Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous Generator |
| title_full | Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous Generator |
| title_fullStr | Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous Generator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous Generator |
| title_short | Demonstrated Rapid Ballistic Synchronization From Rest of a Hydraulically-Driven Synchronous Generator |
| title_sort | demonstrated rapid ballistic synchronization from rest of a hydraulically driven synchronous generator |
| topic | Energy storage hydraulic systems power generation generators control systems acceleration control |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8543565/ |
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