Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study
BackgroundPrevious studies found that increasing vegetable intake benefits are reduced after adjustment for socioeconomic factors. Using genetic variation as an instrumental variable for vegetable intake and socioeconomic status, we investigated the relationship between vegetable intake and ischemic...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1161175/full |
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| author | Jiutian Huang Ziyi He Minhui Xu Jianing Du Yun-tao Zhao |
| author_facet | Jiutian Huang Ziyi He Minhui Xu Jianing Du Yun-tao Zhao |
| author_sort | Jiutian Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPrevious studies found that increasing vegetable intake benefits are reduced after adjustment for socioeconomic factors. Using genetic variation as an instrumental variable for vegetable intake and socioeconomic status, we investigated the relationship between vegetable intake and ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and focused on whether socioeconomic status was a possible confounder.MethodsFrom three independent genome-wide association studies, we extracted instrumental variables reflecting raw and cooked vegetable intake, which were used to perform Mendelian randomization analysis. To evaluate the effects of socioeconomic factors on vegetable intake, univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses were performed using single nucleotide polymorphisms representing education attainment and household income reported in the literature. We also performed outlier assessment and a series of sensitivity analyses to confirm the results.ResultsGenetically predicted raw and cooked vegetable intake were not associated with any ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and lipid components after Bonferroni correction. Univariate Mendelian randomized analysis revealed that raw vegetable intake was positively correlated with education attainment (β = 0.04, p = 0.029) and household income (β = 0.07, p < 0.001). Multivariate Mendelian randomized model showed a positive correlation between household income and raw vegetable intake (β = 0.06, p = 0.004). Socioeconomic status was closely associated with eating habits and lifestyle related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases.ConclusionGenetically determined raw and cooked vegetable intake was not associated with significant benefits in terms of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases while genetically determined socioeconomic status may have an impact on vegetable intake. Socioeconomic status, which was closely associated with other eating habits and lifestyle, may affect the association between vegetable intake and ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:32:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15d8687fb746420398323a520876d787 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:32:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-15d8687fb746420398323a520876d7872023-08-01T18:49:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-07-011010.3389/fnut.2023.11611751161175Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization studyJiutian Huang0Ziyi He1Minhui Xu2Jianing Du3Yun-tao Zhao4Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, ChinaAerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, ChinaAerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, ChinaAerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, ChinaBackgroundPrevious studies found that increasing vegetable intake benefits are reduced after adjustment for socioeconomic factors. Using genetic variation as an instrumental variable for vegetable intake and socioeconomic status, we investigated the relationship between vegetable intake and ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and focused on whether socioeconomic status was a possible confounder.MethodsFrom three independent genome-wide association studies, we extracted instrumental variables reflecting raw and cooked vegetable intake, which were used to perform Mendelian randomization analysis. To evaluate the effects of socioeconomic factors on vegetable intake, univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses were performed using single nucleotide polymorphisms representing education attainment and household income reported in the literature. We also performed outlier assessment and a series of sensitivity analyses to confirm the results.ResultsGenetically predicted raw and cooked vegetable intake were not associated with any ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and lipid components after Bonferroni correction. Univariate Mendelian randomized analysis revealed that raw vegetable intake was positively correlated with education attainment (β = 0.04, p = 0.029) and household income (β = 0.07, p < 0.001). Multivariate Mendelian randomized model showed a positive correlation between household income and raw vegetable intake (β = 0.06, p = 0.004). Socioeconomic status was closely associated with eating habits and lifestyle related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases.ConclusionGenetically determined raw and cooked vegetable intake was not associated with significant benefits in terms of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases while genetically determined socioeconomic status may have an impact on vegetable intake. Socioeconomic status, which was closely associated with other eating habits and lifestyle, may affect the association between vegetable intake and ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1161175/fullvegetable intakesocioeconomic statusischemic cardiovascular diseaseischemic cerebrovascular diseaseMendelian randomization |
| spellingShingle | Jiutian Huang Ziyi He Minhui Xu Jianing Du Yun-tao Zhao Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study Frontiers in Nutrition vegetable intake socioeconomic status ischemic cardiovascular disease ischemic cerebrovascular disease Mendelian randomization |
| title | Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full | Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_fullStr | Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_short | Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_sort | socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardio cerebral vascular disease a mendelian randomization study |
| topic | vegetable intake socioeconomic status ischemic cardiovascular disease ischemic cerebrovascular disease Mendelian randomization |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1161175/full |
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