Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern Mongolia
Studies on the subspecies Eastern common crane <i>Grus grus lilfordi</i> are still scarce, especially in Southeastern Siberia, the far east of Russia, Eastern Mongolia, and Northeastern China. This study explores the migration pattern, habitat use, and conservation status of the Eastern...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/14/2287 |
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| author | Baasansuren Erdenechimeg Gankhuyag Purev-Ochir Amarkhuu Gungaa Oyunchimeg Terbish Yajie Zhao Yumin Guo |
| author_facet | Baasansuren Erdenechimeg Gankhuyag Purev-Ochir Amarkhuu Gungaa Oyunchimeg Terbish Yajie Zhao Yumin Guo |
| author_sort | Baasansuren Erdenechimeg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Studies on the subspecies Eastern common crane <i>Grus grus lilfordi</i> are still scarce, especially in Southeastern Siberia, the far east of Russia, Eastern Mongolia, and Northeastern China. This study explores the migration pattern, habitat use, and conservation status of the Eastern common crane. Using GPS/GSM tracking data, 36 complete migrations of 11 individuals were obtained from 2017 to 2021. The cranes migrated an average of 1581.5 km (±476.5 SD) in autumn and 1446.5 (±742.8 SD) in spring between their breeding site in Eastern Mongolia and the following wintering sites: the Xar Moron River, Chifeng; the Bohai Bay; the Yellow River Delta; Tangshan, Hebei; and Tianjin. During the autumn and spring migrations, the cranes used three critical stopover sites. The subspecies spent 60.3% of their time in rangeland, 18.1% in cropland, and 14.2% in water. The tracking data determined that, of the areas used by cranes, 97–98% of the summering sites were in Russia, 96% of the breeding sites were in Mongolia, and over 70% of the stopover sites and 90% of the wintering sites in China lay outside the current protected area boundaries. Consequently, establishing and expanding protected areas in summering, breeding, stopover, and wintering sites should be a central component of future conservation strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:22:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15e4036af4a4451bb63f77147dc846b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:22:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-15e4036af4a4451bb63f77147dc846b82023-11-18T18:00:10ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-07-011314228710.3390/ani13142287Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern MongoliaBaasansuren Erdenechimeg0Gankhuyag Purev-Ochir1Amarkhuu Gungaa2Oyunchimeg Terbish3Yajie Zhao4Yumin Guo5School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaMongolian Bird Conservation Center, Ulaanbaatar 14200, MongoliaEastern Mongolian Protected Areas Administration, Choibalsan 21060, MongoliaShandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve Management Committee, Dongying 257091, ChinaSchool of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaStudies on the subspecies Eastern common crane <i>Grus grus lilfordi</i> are still scarce, especially in Southeastern Siberia, the far east of Russia, Eastern Mongolia, and Northeastern China. This study explores the migration pattern, habitat use, and conservation status of the Eastern common crane. Using GPS/GSM tracking data, 36 complete migrations of 11 individuals were obtained from 2017 to 2021. The cranes migrated an average of 1581.5 km (±476.5 SD) in autumn and 1446.5 (±742.8 SD) in spring between their breeding site in Eastern Mongolia and the following wintering sites: the Xar Moron River, Chifeng; the Bohai Bay; the Yellow River Delta; Tangshan, Hebei; and Tianjin. During the autumn and spring migrations, the cranes used three critical stopover sites. The subspecies spent 60.3% of their time in rangeland, 18.1% in cropland, and 14.2% in water. The tracking data determined that, of the areas used by cranes, 97–98% of the summering sites were in Russia, 96% of the breeding sites were in Mongolia, and over 70% of the stopover sites and 90% of the wintering sites in China lay outside the current protected area boundaries. Consequently, establishing and expanding protected areas in summering, breeding, stopover, and wintering sites should be a central component of future conservation strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/14/2287Eastern common cranemigration patternstopover sitesatellite trackinghabitat useconservation gap |
| spellingShingle | Baasansuren Erdenechimeg Gankhuyag Purev-Ochir Amarkhuu Gungaa Oyunchimeg Terbish Yajie Zhao Yumin Guo Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern Mongolia Animals Eastern common crane migration pattern stopover site satellite tracking habitat use conservation gap |
| title | Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern Mongolia |
| title_full | Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern Mongolia |
| title_fullStr | Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern Mongolia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern Mongolia |
| title_short | Migration Pattern, Habitat Use, and Conservation Status of the Eastern Common Crane (<i>Grus grus lilfordi</i>) from Eastern Mongolia |
| title_sort | migration pattern habitat use and conservation status of the eastern common crane i grus grus lilfordi i from eastern mongolia |
| topic | Eastern common crane migration pattern stopover site satellite tracking habitat use conservation gap |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/14/2287 |
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