Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Young Adults with Family History of Coronary Artery Disease
Background: It is well established that accelerated atherosclerosis occurs in middle-aged and elderly adults with family history of coronary artery disease (CAD). However similar data on younger population with genetic predisposition is lacking. As identifying and treating this target group at an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2015-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/6462/15386_CE(Ra1)_F(GH)_PF1(PAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
| Summary: | Background: It is well established that accelerated atherosclerosis occurs in middle-aged and elderly adults with family
history of coronary artery disease (CAD). However similar data
on younger population with genetic predisposition is lacking. As
identifying and treating this target group at an early stage will
help in postponing the disease progression and delay the onset
of clinical events later in life.
Aim: We undertook the present study to investigate whether
structural vascular changes related to atherosclerosis are
detectable in healthy young adults with family history of CAD
by non-invasive high resolution scan of the carotid artery intima
media thickness (CIMT).
Materials and Methods: Fifty healthy young adults of both
sexes, aged 18-25 years with family history of CAD were taken
as cases and fifty age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and blood
pressure matched subjects without family history of CAD
served as control. All participants completed a standardized
cardiovascular disease risk assessment questionnaire and
resting blood pressure, pulse rate and BMI were recorded. None
of the subjects were smoker or alcoholic. Both cases and controls
were subjected to high resolution B-mode ultrasonographic
evaluation of CIMT. Fasting blood samples were drawn for
baseline investigations and lipid profile estimation.
Results: Compared to control subjects, cases had increased
CIMT (mean of combined sites 0.57 ± 0.08 mm vs 0.46 ±
0.05 mm in controls, p<0.001). Offspring with family history
of CAD exhibited an unfavourable lipid profile. We observed
a direct association between carotid intima media thickness
and triglyceride concentration (Correlation coefficient=0.32).
Multiple logistic regression analysis showed family history of
CAD to be independent risk factor for CIMT (Odds ratio=5.36,
confidence interval 1.84 – 10.53, p=0.003).
Conclusion: Arterial wall abnormalities are present at an early
age in offspring with family history of CAD. Identifying such
high risk individuals is feasible with an easy, non-invasive and
reproducible technique like CIMT measurement and hence is
recommended. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |