Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier Function
Anionic surfactants are commonly used as detergents and emulsifiers. However, these compounds are potent skin irritants. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the alkyl structure of anionic surfactants on the skin barrier function using the transmission index (TI) method. The TI method is used t...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4310 |
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| author | Koji Kubota Akie Kakishita Mana Okasaka Yuka Tokunaga Sadaki Takata |
| author_facet | Koji Kubota Akie Kakishita Mana Okasaka Yuka Tokunaga Sadaki Takata |
| author_sort | Koji Kubota |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anionic surfactants are commonly used as detergents and emulsifiers. However, these compounds are potent skin irritants. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the alkyl structure of anionic surfactants on the skin barrier function using the transmission index (TI) method. The TI method is used to measure the skin penetration rate of drugs. Sodium soaps of C18 fatty acids with different structures were evaluated. Sodium laurate was used as the control. In addition, microscopic observations of the skin tissue treated with different soaps and controls were performed to study the mechanism of skin permeation. Results showed that unsaturated fatty acid soaps exerted the most potent effect on the skin barrier function and saturated fatty acid soaps exerted the least effect; saturated branched fatty acid soap had an intermediate effect. This could be attributed to the differences in the melting points of different fatty acids. In addition, unlike lauric acid soap, C18 fatty acid soap did not cause morphological changes in the skin tissue. Thus, differences in the alkyl structure of fatty acids resulted in differences in the effect of fatty acid soaps on the skin barrier function. The mechanism was presumed to be an effect on intercellular lipids. |
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| id | doaj.art-15f856e39e1c4a0ead98f7a082a3e8d4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:56:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-15f856e39e1c4a0ead98f7a082a3e8d42023-11-20T04:44:37ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-06-011012431010.3390/app10124310Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier FunctionKoji Kubota0Akie Kakishita1Mana Okasaka2Yuka Tokunaga3Sadaki Takata4Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki-City, Fukushima 971-8550, JapanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, Hiroshima-City, Hiroshima 731-0153, JapanDepartment of Fashion and Beauty Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Osaka Shoin Women’s University, Higashiosaka-City, Osaka 577-8550, JapanDepartment of Fashion and Beauty Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Osaka Shoin Women’s University, Higashiosaka-City, Osaka 577-8550, JapanDepartment of Fashion and Beauty Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Osaka Shoin Women’s University, Higashiosaka-City, Osaka 577-8550, JapanAnionic surfactants are commonly used as detergents and emulsifiers. However, these compounds are potent skin irritants. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the alkyl structure of anionic surfactants on the skin barrier function using the transmission index (TI) method. The TI method is used to measure the skin penetration rate of drugs. Sodium soaps of C18 fatty acids with different structures were evaluated. Sodium laurate was used as the control. In addition, microscopic observations of the skin tissue treated with different soaps and controls were performed to study the mechanism of skin permeation. Results showed that unsaturated fatty acid soaps exerted the most potent effect on the skin barrier function and saturated fatty acid soaps exerted the least effect; saturated branched fatty acid soap had an intermediate effect. This could be attributed to the differences in the melting points of different fatty acids. In addition, unlike lauric acid soap, C18 fatty acid soap did not cause morphological changes in the skin tissue. Thus, differences in the alkyl structure of fatty acids resulted in differences in the effect of fatty acid soaps on the skin barrier function. The mechanism was presumed to be an effect on intercellular lipids.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4310surfactantskin barrier functionskin permeabilityalkyl structure |
| spellingShingle | Koji Kubota Akie Kakishita Mana Okasaka Yuka Tokunaga Sadaki Takata Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier Function Applied Sciences surfactant skin barrier function skin permeability alkyl structure |
| title | Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier Function |
| title_full | Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier Function |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier Function |
| title_short | Effect of Alkyl Structure (Straight Chain/Branched Chain/Unsaturation) of C18 Fatty Acid Sodium Soap on Skin Barrier Function |
| title_sort | effect of alkyl structure straight chain branched chain unsaturation of c18 fatty acid sodium soap on skin barrier function |
| topic | surfactant skin barrier function skin permeability alkyl structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4310 |
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