Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse Arrays
Frequency diverse array (FDA) produces a beampattern with controllable direction and range by slightly shifting the carrier frequencies across the elements, which is attractive in many applications. By further incorporating coprime array structure and coprime frequency offsets, improved degrees-of-f...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/583 |
| _version_ | 1797485056839647232 |
|---|---|
| author | Zihuan Mao Shengheng Liu Si Qin Yongming Huang |
| author_facet | Zihuan Mao Shengheng Liu Si Qin Yongming Huang |
| author_sort | Zihuan Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Frequency diverse array (FDA) produces a beampattern with controllable direction and range by slightly shifting the carrier frequencies across the elements, which is attractive in many applications. By further incorporating coprime array structure and coprime frequency offsets, improved degrees-of-freedom and spatial/range resolutions have been achieved. For such a relatively new array configuration, theoretical performance analyses are essential to explore the potentials and to facilitate practical implementation. In this work, we consider coprime-FDA-based joint/separate angle-range estimation of far-field targets that exhibit two different types of Swerling fluctuation behavior, which are respectively modelled as deterministic and stochastic sources. Analytical expressions of the Cramér–Rao bounds (CRB) and numerical simulations for both cases are provided. The results reveal that the relationship between CRB and coprime FDA parameters is not simply monotonic. As shown in the numerical simulations, the CRB of coprime FDA outperforms that of uniform FDA-MIMO for more than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>60</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> under commonly-adopted coprime patterns. The presented results can be used as a guideline for optimal design of coprime FDA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:13:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-15f8ea25b3104a6eadd09b9524003e9c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:13:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-15f8ea25b3104a6eadd09b9524003e9c2023-11-23T17:40:07ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-01-0114358310.3390/rs14030583Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse ArraysZihuan Mao0Shengheng Liu1Si Qin2Yongming Huang3School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaMicrosoft Research Asia, Beijing 100080, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaFrequency diverse array (FDA) produces a beampattern with controllable direction and range by slightly shifting the carrier frequencies across the elements, which is attractive in many applications. By further incorporating coprime array structure and coprime frequency offsets, improved degrees-of-freedom and spatial/range resolutions have been achieved. For such a relatively new array configuration, theoretical performance analyses are essential to explore the potentials and to facilitate practical implementation. In this work, we consider coprime-FDA-based joint/separate angle-range estimation of far-field targets that exhibit two different types of Swerling fluctuation behavior, which are respectively modelled as deterministic and stochastic sources. Analytical expressions of the Cramér–Rao bounds (CRB) and numerical simulations for both cases are provided. The results reveal that the relationship between CRB and coprime FDA parameters is not simply monotonic. As shown in the numerical simulations, the CRB of coprime FDA outperforms that of uniform FDA-MIMO for more than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>60</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> under commonly-adopted coprime patterns. The presented results can be used as a guideline for optimal design of coprime FDA.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/583Cramér–Rao bound (CRB)direction of arrival (DOA)parameter estimationcoprime arrayfrequency diverse array (FDA) |
| spellingShingle | Zihuan Mao Shengheng Liu Si Qin Yongming Huang Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse Arrays Remote Sensing Cramér–Rao bound (CRB) direction of arrival (DOA) parameter estimation coprime array frequency diverse array (FDA) |
| title | Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse Arrays |
| title_full | Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse Arrays |
| title_fullStr | Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse Arrays |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse Arrays |
| title_short | Cramér-Rao Bound of Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coprime Frequency Diverse Arrays |
| title_sort | cramer rao bound of joint doa range estimation for coprime frequency diverse arrays |
| topic | Cramér–Rao bound (CRB) direction of arrival (DOA) parameter estimation coprime array frequency diverse array (FDA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/3/583 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zihuanmao cramerraoboundofjointdoarangeestimationforcoprimefrequencydiversearrays AT shenghengliu cramerraoboundofjointdoarangeestimationforcoprimefrequencydiversearrays AT siqin cramerraoboundofjointdoarangeestimationforcoprimefrequencydiversearrays AT yongminghuang cramerraoboundofjointdoarangeestimationforcoprimefrequencydiversearrays |