Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays
The paper presents a proof-of-concept of a millimeter-wave identification system based on Van Atta array tags in the 60 GHz band. For interrogation of the tags, a vector network analyzer and a measurement transceiver were employed in alternative test configurations. The design, fabrication and measu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9809 |
| _version_ | 1797455287271030784 |
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| author | Kamil Trzebiatowski Mateusz Rzymowski Lukasz Kulas Krzysztof Nyka |
| author_facet | Kamil Trzebiatowski Mateusz Rzymowski Lukasz Kulas Krzysztof Nyka |
| author_sort | Kamil Trzebiatowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The paper presents a proof-of-concept of a millimeter-wave identification system based on Van Atta array tags in the 60 GHz band. For interrogation of the tags, a vector network analyzer and a measurement transceiver were employed in alternative test configurations. The design, fabrication and measurements of co- and cross-polarized Van Atta arrays are presented in the paper. They can be treated as simple chipless RFID tags with frequency-response-based identification. Tags with various resonance frequencies are designed by scaling an optimized base model. The designed 57–67 GHz co-polarized and cross-polarized tags have small dimensions of approximately 23 mm × 21 mm and 40 mm × 25 mm, and they exhibit radar cross-section (RCS) levels of −16 dBsm and −21 dBsm, respectively. Owing to the retrodirective properties of Van Atta arrays, the RCS can be maintained at a high level within a broad range of angles of incidence. The system was validated in an anechoic chamber where the spectral responses of all the manufactured tags can be clearly distinguished from the environment, enabling their identification. Tests in a reflective environment were also performed, and they have shown that only the cross-polarized tags could be detected and identified in the presence of reflections from the tags’ surroundings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1624f9ccfc9a4914ac6c5a178b516414 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1624f9ccfc9a4914ac6c5a178b5164142023-11-24T17:55:39ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-12-012224980910.3390/s22249809Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta ArraysKamil Trzebiatowski0Mateusz Rzymowski1Lukasz Kulas2Krzysztof Nyka3Department of Microwave and Antenna Engineering, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Microwave and Antenna Engineering, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Microwave and Antenna Engineering, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Microwave and Antenna Engineering, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, PolandThe paper presents a proof-of-concept of a millimeter-wave identification system based on Van Atta array tags in the 60 GHz band. For interrogation of the tags, a vector network analyzer and a measurement transceiver were employed in alternative test configurations. The design, fabrication and measurements of co- and cross-polarized Van Atta arrays are presented in the paper. They can be treated as simple chipless RFID tags with frequency-response-based identification. Tags with various resonance frequencies are designed by scaling an optimized base model. The designed 57–67 GHz co-polarized and cross-polarized tags have small dimensions of approximately 23 mm × 21 mm and 40 mm × 25 mm, and they exhibit radar cross-section (RCS) levels of −16 dBsm and −21 dBsm, respectively. Owing to the retrodirective properties of Van Atta arrays, the RCS can be maintained at a high level within a broad range of angles of incidence. The system was validated in an anechoic chamber where the spectral responses of all the manufactured tags can be clearly distinguished from the environment, enabling their identification. Tests in a reflective environment were also performed, and they have shown that only the cross-polarized tags could be detected and identified in the presence of reflections from the tags’ surroundings.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9809chipless radio-frequency identification (RFID)tag localizationmillimeter wave identification (MMID)radar cross-section (RCS)retrodirective arrayVan Atta array |
| spellingShingle | Kamil Trzebiatowski Mateusz Rzymowski Lukasz Kulas Krzysztof Nyka Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays Sensors chipless radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag localization millimeter wave identification (MMID) radar cross-section (RCS) retrodirective array Van Atta array |
| title | Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays |
| title_full | Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays |
| title_fullStr | Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays |
| title_short | Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays |
| title_sort | simple millimeter wave identification system based on 60 ghz van atta arrays |
| topic | chipless radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag localization millimeter wave identification (MMID) radar cross-section (RCS) retrodirective array Van Atta array |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9809 |
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