The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area
Objectives: Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) is a major healthcare challenge in low-income countries with high malaria endemicity. Early but accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment is the hallmark of preventing disease progression/adverse outcomes in the mother, foetus and neonates. We assessed the c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161323000583 |
| _version_ | 1797682984097153024 |
|---|---|
| author | G.N. Uyaiabasi A. Olaleye C.J. Elikwu R.I. Funwei C. Okangba A. Adepoju A. Akinyede O.O. Adeyemi O. Walker |
| author_facet | G.N. Uyaiabasi A. Olaleye C.J. Elikwu R.I. Funwei C. Okangba A. Adepoju A. Akinyede O.O. Adeyemi O. Walker |
| author_sort | G.N. Uyaiabasi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) is a major healthcare challenge in low-income countries with high malaria endemicity. Early but accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment is the hallmark of preventing disease progression/adverse outcomes in the mother, foetus and neonates. We assessed the comparative diagnostic performance of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (mRDT), microscopy and PCR for malaria diagnosis in pregnant women for early detection of asymptomatic malaria in pregnant women. Study design: Five hundred and twenty Pregnant women attending study clinics within Ikene and Remo North LGAs with gestational age between 16 and 29 weeks, willing and consented; were enrolled into the study. Blood samples collected via venepuncture were screened for malaria using microscopy, mRDTs kits, and PCR techniques on their first visit (V1) and at delivery. The parasite positivity rates, sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared for each technique using PCR as the standard. Data was entered into REDCap® online database and analysis done using Stata and MedCalc®. Results and conclusions: Average age of enrolled women was 28.8 years and mean gestational age was 21.0 weeks. The parasite positivity rates were 4.3%, 8.8% and 25.0% for microscopy, mRDT and PCR at V1 and was 2.4%, 3.4% and 43.4% at delivery, respectively. Sensitivity for microscopy and mRDT was 11.2% and 30.3% respectively at V1, while specificity was 98.2% and 98.5%. At delivery, the sensitivity reduced to 1.6% and 4.9%; while specificity was 96.9% and 97.6% respectively. Only 2.3% cases correlated with all three diagnostic methods. Our data showed a decrease in sensitivity of the diagnostic methods as pregnancy progressed, which may be due to very low parasitaemia, but high specificity. Our study demonstrated a high rate of subpatent parasitaemia amongst pregnant women. This finding therefore raises the question of the effect of subpatent parasitaemia on the health of the mother and foetus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:07:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-162cc238edb2471296772d358a5a890b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-1613 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:07:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X |
| spelling | doaj.art-162cc238edb2471296772d358a5a890b2023-09-16T05:31:44ZengElsevierEuropean Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X2590-16132023-09-0119100233The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic areaG.N. Uyaiabasi0A. Olaleye1C.J. Elikwu2R.I. Funwei3C. Okangba4A. Adepoju5A. Akinyede6O.O. Adeyemi7O. Walker8Department of Pharmacology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology, University of Lagos, Nigeria; Correspondence to: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Clinical Sciences, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Two Hills Medical Clinic, Two Hills, Alberta, CanadaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Department of Medical Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Pharmacology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, NigeriaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Centre for Research, Innovation & Development, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology, University of Lagos, NigeriaDepartment of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology, University of Lagos, NigeriaDepartment of Pharmacology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria; Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, NigeriaObjectives: Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) is a major healthcare challenge in low-income countries with high malaria endemicity. Early but accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment is the hallmark of preventing disease progression/adverse outcomes in the mother, foetus and neonates. We assessed the comparative diagnostic performance of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (mRDT), microscopy and PCR for malaria diagnosis in pregnant women for early detection of asymptomatic malaria in pregnant women. Study design: Five hundred and twenty Pregnant women attending study clinics within Ikene and Remo North LGAs with gestational age between 16 and 29 weeks, willing and consented; were enrolled into the study. Blood samples collected via venepuncture were screened for malaria using microscopy, mRDTs kits, and PCR techniques on their first visit (V1) and at delivery. The parasite positivity rates, sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared for each technique using PCR as the standard. Data was entered into REDCap® online database and analysis done using Stata and MedCalc®. Results and conclusions: Average age of enrolled women was 28.8 years and mean gestational age was 21.0 weeks. The parasite positivity rates were 4.3%, 8.8% and 25.0% for microscopy, mRDT and PCR at V1 and was 2.4%, 3.4% and 43.4% at delivery, respectively. Sensitivity for microscopy and mRDT was 11.2% and 30.3% respectively at V1, while specificity was 98.2% and 98.5%. At delivery, the sensitivity reduced to 1.6% and 4.9%; while specificity was 96.9% and 97.6% respectively. Only 2.3% cases correlated with all three diagnostic methods. Our data showed a decrease in sensitivity of the diagnostic methods as pregnancy progressed, which may be due to very low parasitaemia, but high specificity. Our study demonstrated a high rate of subpatent parasitaemia amongst pregnant women. This finding therefore raises the question of the effect of subpatent parasitaemia on the health of the mother and foetus.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161323000583MalariaPregnancyAsymptomatic malariaSubpatent parasitemiaMicroscopyPCR |
| spellingShingle | G.N. Uyaiabasi A. Olaleye C.J. Elikwu R.I. Funwei C. Okangba A. Adepoju A. Akinyede O.O. Adeyemi O. Walker The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X Malaria Pregnancy Asymptomatic malaria Subpatent parasitemia Microscopy PCR |
| title | The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area |
| title_full | The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area |
| title_fullStr | The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area |
| title_full_unstemmed | The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area |
| title_short | The question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy: Implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area |
| title_sort | question of the early diagnosis of asymptomatic and subpatent malaria in pregnancy implications for diagnostic tools in a malaria endemic area |
| topic | Malaria Pregnancy Asymptomatic malaria Subpatent parasitemia Microscopy PCR |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161323000583 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gnuyaiabasi thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT aolaleye thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT cjelikwu thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT rifunwei thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT cokangba thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT aadepoju thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT aakinyede thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT ooadeyemi thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT owalker thequestionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT gnuyaiabasi questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT aolaleye questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT cjelikwu questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT rifunwei questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT cokangba questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT aadepoju questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT aakinyede questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT ooadeyemi questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea AT owalker questionoftheearlydiagnosisofasymptomaticandsubpatentmalariainpregnancyimplicationsfordiagnostictoolsinamalariaendemicarea |