Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest China
In order to investigate the seasonal variations in the chemical characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> at the plateau slope of a mountain city in southwest China, 178 PM<sub>2.5</sub> filters (89 quartz and 89 Teflon samples for PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were collected to sa...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/5/611 |
| _version_ | 1797534914326822912 |
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| author | Jianwu Shi Yinchuan Feng Liang Ren Xiuqing Lu Yaoqian Zhong Xinyu Han Ping Ning |
| author_facet | Jianwu Shi Yinchuan Feng Liang Ren Xiuqing Lu Yaoqian Zhong Xinyu Han Ping Ning |
| author_sort | Jianwu Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to investigate the seasonal variations in the chemical characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> at the plateau slope of a mountain city in southwest China, 178 PM<sub>2.5</sub> filters (89 quartz and 89 Teflon samples for PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were collected to sample the urban air of Wenshan in spring and autumn 2016 at three sites. The mass concentrations, water-soluble inorganic ions, organic and inorganic carbon concentrations, and inorganic elements constituting PM<sub>2.5</sub> were determined, principal component analysis was used to identify potential sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, and the backward trajectory model was used to calculate the contribution of the long-distance transmission of air particles to the Wenshan area. The average concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in spring and autumn was 44.85 ± 10.99 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. Secondary inorganic aerosols contributed 21.82% and 16.50% of the total PM<sub>2.5</sub> in spring and autumn, respectively. The daily mean value of OC/EC indicated that the measured SOC content was generated by the photochemical processes active during the sampling days. However, elements from anthropogenic sources (Ti, Si, Ca, Fe, Al, K, Mg, Na, Sb, Zn, P, Pb, Mn, As and Cu) accounted for 99.38% and 99.24% of the total inorganic elements in spring and autumn, respectively. Finally, source apportionment showed that SIA, dust, industry, biomass burning, motor vehicle emissions and copper smelting emissions constituted the major components in Wenshan. This study is the first to investigate the chemical characterizations and sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Wenshan, and it provides effective support for local governments formulating air pollution control policies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:37:15Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1642d04ad4b34aa6820cc5170313925a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:37:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-1642d04ad4b34aa6820cc5170313925a2023-11-21T18:46:19ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332021-05-0112561110.3390/atmos12050611Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest ChinaJianwu Shi0Yinchuan Feng1Liang Ren2Xiuqing Lu3Yaoqian Zhong4Xinyu Han5Ping Ning6Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaFaculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaFaculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaArchitectural Engineering Institute, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaFaculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaFaculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaFaculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, ChinaIn order to investigate the seasonal variations in the chemical characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> at the plateau slope of a mountain city in southwest China, 178 PM<sub>2.5</sub> filters (89 quartz and 89 Teflon samples for PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were collected to sample the urban air of Wenshan in spring and autumn 2016 at three sites. The mass concentrations, water-soluble inorganic ions, organic and inorganic carbon concentrations, and inorganic elements constituting PM<sub>2.5</sub> were determined, principal component analysis was used to identify potential sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, and the backward trajectory model was used to calculate the contribution of the long-distance transmission of air particles to the Wenshan area. The average concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in spring and autumn was 44.85 ± 10.99 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. Secondary inorganic aerosols contributed 21.82% and 16.50% of the total PM<sub>2.5</sub> in spring and autumn, respectively. The daily mean value of OC/EC indicated that the measured SOC content was generated by the photochemical processes active during the sampling days. However, elements from anthropogenic sources (Ti, Si, Ca, Fe, Al, K, Mg, Na, Sb, Zn, P, Pb, Mn, As and Cu) accounted for 99.38% and 99.24% of the total inorganic elements in spring and autumn, respectively. Finally, source apportionment showed that SIA, dust, industry, biomass burning, motor vehicle emissions and copper smelting emissions constituted the major components in Wenshan. This study is the first to investigate the chemical characterizations and sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Wenshan, and it provides effective support for local governments formulating air pollution control policies.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/5/611PM<sub>2.5</sub>PCAbackward trajectorieschemical compositionsource |
| spellingShingle | Jianwu Shi Yinchuan Feng Liang Ren Xiuqing Lu Yaoqian Zhong Xinyu Han Ping Ning Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest China Atmosphere PM<sub>2.5</sub> PCA backward trajectories chemical composition source |
| title | Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest China |
| title_full | Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest China |
| title_fullStr | Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest China |
| title_short | Mass Concentration, Chemical Composition, and Source Characteristics of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a Plateau Slope City in Southwest China |
| title_sort | mass concentration chemical composition and source characteristics of pm sub 2 5 sub in a plateau slope city in southwest china |
| topic | PM<sub>2.5</sub> PCA backward trajectories chemical composition source |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/5/611 |
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