A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications
In this paper, a capacitively-fed, ultra-wideband (UWB), and low-profile monocone antenna is proposed for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications. The proposed antenna consists of a monocone design with an inner set of vias. Additionally, an outer ring is added with a small gap from the monocone an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/6086 |
| _version_ | 1827620941699481600 |
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| author | Martin Wooseop Lee Feras Abushakra Zachary Choffin Sangkil Kim Hee-Jo Lee Nathan Jeong |
| author_facet | Martin Wooseop Lee Feras Abushakra Zachary Choffin Sangkil Kim Hee-Jo Lee Nathan Jeong |
| author_sort | Martin Wooseop Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, a capacitively-fed, ultra-wideband (UWB), and low-profile monocone antenna is proposed for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications. The proposed antenna consists of a monocone design with an inner set of vias. Additionally, an outer ring is added with a small gap from the monocone and shorted with six folded wires of different lengths to extend the operating band. The proposed antenna covers the frequency range from 0.75 GHz to 7.6 GHz and has a 164% fractional bandwidth, with a gain value varying between 2 and 10 dBi. The dimensions of the antenna are 0.37<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub><mo> </mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>× 0.37<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub><mo> </mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>× 0.067<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The antenna was fabricated using a 3D printer with low-cost polylactic acid plastic (PLA) material and then sprayed with aerosol copper nanoparticles. The efficiency was approximately 90% throughout the frequency bands of interest. Finally, the proposed antenna was installed on a vehicle and tested with an OBU (onboard unit) and a RSU (roadside unit) in the field. The results show a longer wireless communication range for V2X applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:55:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1655edb172af42a79c24217e50804ef9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:55:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1655edb172af42a79c24217e50804ef92023-12-01T01:36:44ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-07-012313608610.3390/s23136086A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) ApplicationsMartin Wooseop Lee0Feras Abushakra1Zachary Choffin2Sangkil Kim3Hee-Jo Lee4Nathan Jeong5Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering Department, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering Department, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USADepartment of Electronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics Education, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of KoreaElectrical and Computer Engineering Department, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USAIn this paper, a capacitively-fed, ultra-wideband (UWB), and low-profile monocone antenna is proposed for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications. The proposed antenna consists of a monocone design with an inner set of vias. Additionally, an outer ring is added with a small gap from the monocone and shorted with six folded wires of different lengths to extend the operating band. The proposed antenna covers the frequency range from 0.75 GHz to 7.6 GHz and has a 164% fractional bandwidth, with a gain value varying between 2 and 10 dBi. The dimensions of the antenna are 0.37<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub><mo> </mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>× 0.37<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub><mo> </mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>× 0.067<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The antenna was fabricated using a 3D printer with low-cost polylactic acid plastic (PLA) material and then sprayed with aerosol copper nanoparticles. The efficiency was approximately 90% throughout the frequency bands of interest. Finally, the proposed antenna was installed on a vehicle and tested with an OBU (onboard unit) and a RSU (roadside unit) in the field. The results show a longer wireless communication range for V2X applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/6086vehicle to everythinglow-profile antennaultra-wideband |
| spellingShingle | Martin Wooseop Lee Feras Abushakra Zachary Choffin Sangkil Kim Hee-Jo Lee Nathan Jeong A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications Sensors vehicle to everything low-profile antenna ultra-wideband |
| title | A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications |
| title_full | A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications |
| title_fullStr | A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications |
| title_short | A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monocone Antenna with Folded Shorting Wires for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Applications |
| title_sort | compact ultra wideband monocone antenna with folded shorting wires for vehicle to everything v2x applications |
| topic | vehicle to everything low-profile antenna ultra-wideband |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/6086 |
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