The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential Mechanisms
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of medication with broad cardiovascular benefits in those with type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure. These include reductions in major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular death. The mechanisms that underlie the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/10/2699 |
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| author | Jennifer Y. Barraclough Sanjay Patel Jie Yu Bruce Neal Clare Arnott |
| author_facet | Jennifer Y. Barraclough Sanjay Patel Jie Yu Bruce Neal Clare Arnott |
| author_sort | Jennifer Y. Barraclough |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of medication with broad cardiovascular benefits in those with type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure. These include reductions in major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular death. The mechanisms that underlie their benefits in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are not well understood, but they extend beyond glucose lowering. This narrative review summarises the ASCVD benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors seen in large human outcome trials, as well as the mechanisms of action explored in rodent and small human studies. Potential pathways include favourable alterations in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and endothelial function. These all require further investigation in large human clinical trials with mechanistic endpoints, to further elucidate the disease modifying benefits of this drug class and those who will benefit most from it. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:39:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16581c6e6f564e4bb25b4b7430fdfeba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:39:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-16581c6e6f564e4bb25b4b7430fdfeba2023-11-22T17:47:43ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-10-011010269910.3390/cells10102699The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential MechanismsJennifer Y. Barraclough0Sanjay Patel1Jie Yu2Bruce Neal3Clare Arnott4The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2042, AustraliaDepartment of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2050, AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2042, AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2042, AustraliaThe George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2042, AustraliaSodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of medication with broad cardiovascular benefits in those with type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure. These include reductions in major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular death. The mechanisms that underlie their benefits in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are not well understood, but they extend beyond glucose lowering. This narrative review summarises the ASCVD benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors seen in large human outcome trials, as well as the mechanisms of action explored in rodent and small human studies. Potential pathways include favourable alterations in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and endothelial function. These all require further investigation in large human clinical trials with mechanistic endpoints, to further elucidate the disease modifying benefits of this drug class and those who will benefit most from it.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/10/2699sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitoratherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaseinflammationmechanism of action |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer Y. Barraclough Sanjay Patel Jie Yu Bruce Neal Clare Arnott The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential Mechanisms Cells sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease inflammation mechanism of action |
| title | The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential Mechanisms |
| title_full | The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential Mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential Mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential Mechanisms |
| title_short | The Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Potential Mechanisms |
| title_sort | role of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease a narrative review of potential mechanisms |
| topic | sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease inflammation mechanism of action |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/10/2699 |
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