Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Sea ice fragmentation results in the transformation of the surface from relatively homogeneous to highly heterogeneous. Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) rapidly responds to those changes through a range of processes which are poorly understood and not parametrized in numerical weather prediction (NW...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/11/654 |
| _version_ | 1818508445089792000 |
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| author | Marta Wenta Agnieszka Herman |
| author_facet | Marta Wenta Agnieszka Herman |
| author_sort | Marta Wenta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sea ice fragmentation results in the transformation of the surface from relatively homogeneous to highly heterogeneous. Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) rapidly responds to those changes through a range of processes which are poorly understood and not parametrized in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The aim of this work is to increase our understanding and develop parametrization of the ABL response to different floe size distributions (FSD). The analysis is based on the results of simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Results show that FSD determines the distribution and intensity of convection within the ABL through its influence on the atmospheric circulation. Substantial differences between various FSDs are found in the analysis of spatial arrangement and strength of ABL convection. To incorporate those sub-grid effects in the NWP models, a correction factor for the calculation of surface moisture heat flux is developed. It is expressed as a function of floe size, sea ice concentration and wind speed, and enables a correction of the flux computed from area-averaged quantities, as is typically done in NWP models. In general, the presented study sheds some more light on the sea ice−atmosphere interactions and provides the first attempt to parametrize the influence of FSD on the ABL. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:31:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16620dac5bb54e29a5f005723fa35a98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:31:58Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-16620dac5bb54e29a5f005723fa35a982022-12-22T01:31:02ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332019-10-01101165410.3390/atmos10110654atmos10110654Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary LayerMarta Wenta0Agnieszka Herman1Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. J. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, PolandInstitute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. J. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, PolandSea ice fragmentation results in the transformation of the surface from relatively homogeneous to highly heterogeneous. Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) rapidly responds to those changes through a range of processes which are poorly understood and not parametrized in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The aim of this work is to increase our understanding and develop parametrization of the ABL response to different floe size distributions (FSD). The analysis is based on the results of simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Results show that FSD determines the distribution and intensity of convection within the ABL through its influence on the atmospheric circulation. Substantial differences between various FSDs are found in the analysis of spatial arrangement and strength of ABL convection. To incorporate those sub-grid effects in the NWP models, a correction factor for the calculation of surface moisture heat flux is developed. It is expressed as a function of floe size, sea ice concentration and wind speed, and enables a correction of the flux computed from area-averaged quantities, as is typically done in NWP models. In general, the presented study sheds some more light on the sea ice−atmosphere interactions and provides the first attempt to parametrize the influence of FSD on the ABL.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/11/654sea ice-ocean-atmosphere interactionsfloe size distributionatmospheric boundary layersurface turbulent fluxes |
| spellingShingle | Marta Wenta Agnieszka Herman Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Atmosphere sea ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions floe size distribution atmospheric boundary layer surface turbulent fluxes |
| title | Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
| title_full | Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
| title_fullStr | Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
| title_short | Area-Averaged Surface Moisture Flux over Fragmented Sea Ice: Floe Size Distribution Effects and the Associated Convection Structure within the Atmospheric Boundary Layer |
| title_sort | area averaged surface moisture flux over fragmented sea ice floe size distribution effects and the associated convection structure within the atmospheric boundary layer |
| topic | sea ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions floe size distribution atmospheric boundary layer surface turbulent fluxes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/11/654 |
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