What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?

Abstract Background In Alibori and Donga, two departments of high malaria incidence of Northern Benin, pirimiphos-methyl, mixture deltamethrin + clothianidin, as well as clothianidin were used at large scale for IRS. The present study aimed to assess the residual efficacy of these products. Methods...

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Main Authors: Esdras Mahoutin Odjo, Albert Sourou Salako, Germain Gil Padonou, Boulais Yovogan, Constantin Jésukèdè Adoha, Bruno Adjottin, André Aimé Sominahouin, Arthur Sovi, Razaki Osse, Casimir D. Kpanou, Hermann W. Sagbohan, Armel Djenontin, Clement Agbangla, Martin C. Akogbeto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2023-05-01
Series:Malaria Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04572-9
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author Esdras Mahoutin Odjo
Albert Sourou Salako
Germain Gil Padonou
Boulais Yovogan
Constantin Jésukèdè Adoha
Bruno Adjottin
André Aimé Sominahouin
Arthur Sovi
Razaki Osse
Casimir D. Kpanou
Hermann W. Sagbohan
Armel Djenontin
Clement Agbangla
Martin C. Akogbeto
author_facet Esdras Mahoutin Odjo
Albert Sourou Salako
Germain Gil Padonou
Boulais Yovogan
Constantin Jésukèdè Adoha
Bruno Adjottin
André Aimé Sominahouin
Arthur Sovi
Razaki Osse
Casimir D. Kpanou
Hermann W. Sagbohan
Armel Djenontin
Clement Agbangla
Martin C. Akogbeto
author_sort Esdras Mahoutin Odjo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background In Alibori and Donga, two departments of high malaria incidence of Northern Benin, pirimiphos-methyl, mixture deltamethrin + clothianidin, as well as clothianidin were used at large scale for IRS. The present study aimed to assess the residual efficacy of these products. Methods Immatures of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) collected in the communes of Kandi and Gogounou (Department of Alibori), Djougou and Copargo (Department of Donga) were reared until adulthood. Females aged 2–5 days were used for susceptibility tube tests following the WHO protocol. The tests were conducted with deltamethrin (0.05%), bendiocarb (0.1%), pirimiphos-methyl (0.25%) and clothianidin (2% weight per volume). For cone tests performed on cement and mud walls, the An. gambiae Kisumu susceptible strain was used. After the quality control of the IRS performed 1-week post-campaign, the evaluation of the residual activity of the different tested insecticides/mixture of insecticides was conducted on a monthly basis. Results Over the three study years, deltamethrin resistance was observed in all the communes. With bendiocarb, resistance or possible resistance was observed. In 2019 and 2020, full susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl was observed, while possible resistance to the same product was detected in 2021 in Djougou, Gogounou and Kandi. With clothianidin, full susceptibility was observed 4–6 days post-exposure. The residual activity lasted 4–5 months for pirimiphos-methyl, and 8–10 months for clothianidin and the mixture deltamethrin + clothianidin. A slightly better efficacy of the different tested products was observed on cement walls compared to the mud walls. Conclusion Overall, An. gambiae s.l. was fully susceptible to clothianidin, while resistance/possible resistance was observed the other tested insecticides. In addition, clothianidin-based insecticides showed a better residual activity compared to pirimiphos-methyl, showing thus their ability to provide an improved and prolonged control of pyrethroid resistant vectors.
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spelling doaj.art-16636493315e4438bf32bbb7281be7702023-05-14T11:09:10ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752023-05-012211910.1186/s12936-023-04572-9What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?Esdras Mahoutin Odjo0Albert Sourou Salako1Germain Gil Padonou2Boulais Yovogan3Constantin Jésukèdè Adoha4Bruno Adjottin5André Aimé Sominahouin6Arthur Sovi7Razaki Osse8Casimir D. Kpanou9Hermann W. Sagbohan10Armel Djenontin11Clement Agbangla12Martin C. Akogbeto13Centre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouCentre de Recherche Entomologique de CotonouAbstract Background In Alibori and Donga, two departments of high malaria incidence of Northern Benin, pirimiphos-methyl, mixture deltamethrin + clothianidin, as well as clothianidin were used at large scale for IRS. The present study aimed to assess the residual efficacy of these products. Methods Immatures of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) collected in the communes of Kandi and Gogounou (Department of Alibori), Djougou and Copargo (Department of Donga) were reared until adulthood. Females aged 2–5 days were used for susceptibility tube tests following the WHO protocol. The tests were conducted with deltamethrin (0.05%), bendiocarb (0.1%), pirimiphos-methyl (0.25%) and clothianidin (2% weight per volume). For cone tests performed on cement and mud walls, the An. gambiae Kisumu susceptible strain was used. After the quality control of the IRS performed 1-week post-campaign, the evaluation of the residual activity of the different tested insecticides/mixture of insecticides was conducted on a monthly basis. Results Over the three study years, deltamethrin resistance was observed in all the communes. With bendiocarb, resistance or possible resistance was observed. In 2019 and 2020, full susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl was observed, while possible resistance to the same product was detected in 2021 in Djougou, Gogounou and Kandi. With clothianidin, full susceptibility was observed 4–6 days post-exposure. The residual activity lasted 4–5 months for pirimiphos-methyl, and 8–10 months for clothianidin and the mixture deltamethrin + clothianidin. A slightly better efficacy of the different tested products was observed on cement walls compared to the mud walls. Conclusion Overall, An. gambiae s.l. was fully susceptible to clothianidin, while resistance/possible resistance was observed the other tested insecticides. In addition, clothianidin-based insecticides showed a better residual activity compared to pirimiphos-methyl, showing thus their ability to provide an improved and prolonged control of pyrethroid resistant vectors.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04572-9AnophelesIndoor residual sprayingWall surface typeIntegrated vector managementMalaria
spellingShingle Esdras Mahoutin Odjo
Albert Sourou Salako
Germain Gil Padonou
Boulais Yovogan
Constantin Jésukèdè Adoha
Bruno Adjottin
André Aimé Sominahouin
Arthur Sovi
Razaki Osse
Casimir D. Kpanou
Hermann W. Sagbohan
Armel Djenontin
Clement Agbangla
Martin C. Akogbeto
What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?
Malaria Journal
Anopheles
Indoor residual spraying
Wall surface type
Integrated vector management
Malaria
title What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?
title_full What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?
title_fullStr What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?
title_full_unstemmed What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?
title_short What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?
title_sort what can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides pirimiphos methyl clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture and clothianidin alone in large scale in community trial in north benin west africa
topic Anopheles
Indoor residual spraying
Wall surface type
Integrated vector management
Malaria
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04572-9
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