Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin Regeneration
The similarities of electrospun fibers with the skin extracellular matrix (ECM) make them promising structures for advanced wound dressings. Moreover, infection and resistance in wounds are a major health concern that may be reduced with antibacterial wound dressings. In this work, a multifunctional...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/12/2152 |
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| author | Carolina A. M. Ferreira Adriana P. Januário Rafael Félix Nuno Alves Marco F. L. Lemos Juliana R. Dias |
| author_facet | Carolina A. M. Ferreira Adriana P. Januário Rafael Félix Nuno Alves Marco F. L. Lemos Juliana R. Dias |
| author_sort | Carolina A. M. Ferreira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The similarities of electrospun fibers with the skin extracellular matrix (ECM) make them promising structures for advanced wound dressings. Moreover, infection and resistance in wounds are a major health concern that may be reduced with antibacterial wound dressings. In this work, a multifunctional wound dressing was developed based on gelatin/chitosan hybrid fibers dopped with phlorotannin-enrich extract from the seaweed <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i>. The intrinsic electrospun structure properties combined with the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of phlorotannin-enrich extract will enhance the wound healing process. Electrospun meshes were produced by incorporating 1 or 2 wt% of extract, and the structure without extract was used as a control. Physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological properties were evaluated for all conditions. Results demonstrated that all developed samples presented a homogenous fiber deposition with the average diameters closer to the native ECM fibrils, and high porosities (~90%) that will be crucial to control the wound moist environment. According to the tensile test assays, the incorporation of phlorotannin-enriched extract enhances the elastic performance of the samples. Additionally, the extract incorporation made the structure stable over time since its in vitro degradation rates decreased under enzymatic medium. Extract release profile demonstrated a longstanding delivery (up to 160 days), reaching a maximum value of ~98% over time. Moreover, the preliminary antimicrobial results confirm the mesh’s antimicrobial activity against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. In terms of biological characterization, no condition presented cytotoxicity effects on hDNF cells, allowing their adhesion and proliferation over 14 days, except the condition of 2 wt% after 7 days. Overall, the electrospun structure comprising phlorotannins-enriched extract is a promising bioactive structure with potential to be used as a drug delivery system for skin regeneration by reducing the bacterial infection in the wound bed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:19:09Z |
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| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:19:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1665fd9cd8a14334a97bfb06f315d1152023-11-23T10:06:36ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-12-011312215210.3390/pharmaceutics13122152Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin RegenerationCarolina A. M. Ferreira0Adriana P. Januário1Rafael Félix2Nuno Alves3Marco F. L. Lemos4Juliana R. Dias5CDRSP—Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, PortugalMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2050-641 Peniche, PortugalMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2050-641 Peniche, PortugalCDRSP—Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, PortugalMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2050-641 Peniche, PortugalCDRSP—Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, PortugalThe similarities of electrospun fibers with the skin extracellular matrix (ECM) make them promising structures for advanced wound dressings. Moreover, infection and resistance in wounds are a major health concern that may be reduced with antibacterial wound dressings. In this work, a multifunctional wound dressing was developed based on gelatin/chitosan hybrid fibers dopped with phlorotannin-enrich extract from the seaweed <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i>. The intrinsic electrospun structure properties combined with the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of phlorotannin-enrich extract will enhance the wound healing process. Electrospun meshes were produced by incorporating 1 or 2 wt% of extract, and the structure without extract was used as a control. Physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological properties were evaluated for all conditions. Results demonstrated that all developed samples presented a homogenous fiber deposition with the average diameters closer to the native ECM fibrils, and high porosities (~90%) that will be crucial to control the wound moist environment. According to the tensile test assays, the incorporation of phlorotannin-enriched extract enhances the elastic performance of the samples. Additionally, the extract incorporation made the structure stable over time since its in vitro degradation rates decreased under enzymatic medium. Extract release profile demonstrated a longstanding delivery (up to 160 days), reaching a maximum value of ~98% over time. Moreover, the preliminary antimicrobial results confirm the mesh’s antimicrobial activity against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. In terms of biological characterization, no condition presented cytotoxicity effects on hDNF cells, allowing their adhesion and proliferation over 14 days, except the condition of 2 wt% after 7 days. Overall, the electrospun structure comprising phlorotannins-enriched extract is a promising bioactive structure with potential to be used as a drug delivery system for skin regeneration by reducing the bacterial infection in the wound bed.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/12/2152electrospun wound dressingmultifunctional structureswound healingchitosan/gelatin/phlorotannin-enriched extractchronic wounds |
| spellingShingle | Carolina A. M. Ferreira Adriana P. Januário Rafael Félix Nuno Alves Marco F. L. Lemos Juliana R. Dias Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin Regeneration Pharmaceutics electrospun wound dressing multifunctional structures wound healing chitosan/gelatin/phlorotannin-enriched extract chronic wounds |
| title | Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin Regeneration |
| title_full | Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin Regeneration |
| title_fullStr | Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin Regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin Regeneration |
| title_short | Multifunctional Gelatin/Chitosan Electrospun Wound Dressing Dopped with <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> Phlorotannin-Enriched Extract for Skin Regeneration |
| title_sort | multifunctional gelatin chitosan electrospun wound dressing dopped with i undaria pinnatifida i phlorotannin enriched extract for skin regeneration |
| topic | electrospun wound dressing multifunctional structures wound healing chitosan/gelatin/phlorotannin-enriched extract chronic wounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/12/2152 |
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