Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function
Metabolomic profiling of biofluids, e.g., urine, plasma, has generated vast and ever-increasing amounts of knowledge over the last few decades. Paradoxically, metabolomic analysis of saliva, the most readily-available human biofluid, has lagged. This review explores the history of saliva-based metab...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/10/2/47 |
| _version_ | 1819139364638162944 |
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| author | Alexander Gardner Guy Carpenter Po-Wah So |
| author_facet | Alexander Gardner Guy Carpenter Po-Wah So |
| author_sort | Alexander Gardner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metabolomic profiling of biofluids, e.g., urine, plasma, has generated vast and ever-increasing amounts of knowledge over the last few decades. Paradoxically, metabolomic analysis of saliva, the most readily-available human biofluid, has lagged. This review explores the history of saliva-based metabolomics and summarizes current knowledge of salivary metabolomics. Current applications of salivary metabolomics have largely focused on diagnostic biomarker discovery and the diagnostic value of the current literature base is explored. There is also a small, albeit promising, literature base concerning the use of salivary metabolomics in monitoring athletic performance. Functional roles of salivary metabolites remain largely unexplored. Areas of emerging knowledge include the role of oral host−microbiome interactions in shaping the salivary metabolite profile and the potential roles of salivary metabolites in oral physiology, e.g., in taste perception. Discussion of future research directions describes the need to begin acquiring a greater knowledge of the function of salivary metabolites, a current research direction in the field of the gut metabolome. The role of saliva as an easily obtainable, information-rich fluid that could complement other gastrointestinal fluids in the exploration of the gut metabolome is emphasized. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:21:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16696a0a7c7143f8a69e716456fa8bf5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:21:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-16696a0a7c7143f8a69e716456fa8bf52022-12-21T18:27:52ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892020-01-011024710.3390/metabo10020047metabo10020047Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological FunctionAlexander Gardner0Guy Carpenter1Po-Wah So2Salivary Research, Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UKSalivary Research, Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UKDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London SE5 9RT, UKMetabolomic profiling of biofluids, e.g., urine, plasma, has generated vast and ever-increasing amounts of knowledge over the last few decades. Paradoxically, metabolomic analysis of saliva, the most readily-available human biofluid, has lagged. This review explores the history of saliva-based metabolomics and summarizes current knowledge of salivary metabolomics. Current applications of salivary metabolomics have largely focused on diagnostic biomarker discovery and the diagnostic value of the current literature base is explored. There is also a small, albeit promising, literature base concerning the use of salivary metabolomics in monitoring athletic performance. Functional roles of salivary metabolites remain largely unexplored. Areas of emerging knowledge include the role of oral host−microbiome interactions in shaping the salivary metabolite profile and the potential roles of salivary metabolites in oral physiology, e.g., in taste perception. Discussion of future research directions describes the need to begin acquiring a greater knowledge of the function of salivary metabolites, a current research direction in the field of the gut metabolome. The role of saliva as an easily obtainable, information-rich fluid that could complement other gastrointestinal fluids in the exploration of the gut metabolome is emphasized.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/10/2/47whole-mouth salivaparotid salivagingival–crevicular fluidsubmandibular/ sublingual fluidoral microbiomemetabolic profilingnmrms |
| spellingShingle | Alexander Gardner Guy Carpenter Po-Wah So Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function Metabolites whole-mouth saliva parotid saliva gingival–crevicular fluid submandibular/ sublingual fluid oral microbiome metabolic profiling nmr ms |
| title | Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function |
| title_full | Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function |
| title_fullStr | Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function |
| title_short | Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function |
| title_sort | salivary metabolomics from diagnostic biomarker discovery to investigating biological function |
| topic | whole-mouth saliva parotid saliva gingival–crevicular fluid submandibular/ sublingual fluid oral microbiome metabolic profiling nmr ms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/10/2/47 |
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