Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield Dynamics
We consider the full <i>S</i>-matrix in the scattering giving rise to analogous Hawking radiation in dispersive media. We show the general structure of the scattering in the weak dispersion approximation and discuss some unnoticed features of the primary process, with a possible generali...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Universe |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/2/105 |
| _version_ | 1797476170031169536 |
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| author | Francesco Belgiorno Sergio L. Cacciatori |
| author_facet | Francesco Belgiorno Sergio L. Cacciatori |
| author_sort | Francesco Belgiorno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We consider the full <i>S</i>-matrix in the scattering giving rise to analogous Hawking radiation in dispersive media. We show the general structure of the scattering in the weak dispersion approximation and discuss some unnoticed features of the primary process, with a possible generalization of the phenomenology of the Hawking effect. In particular, we stress that the Hawking particle and its antiparticle partner a priori could also be produced with different rates. We provide a general parameterization of the <i>S</i>-matrix, adopting the Iwasawa decomposition for the matrix itself. Then, we assume that a perturbative structure in a suitable sense is allowed and display the corresponding expansion. In connection with the general structure of the <i>S</i>-matrix at the leading order, we also consider the thermofield dynamics (TFD) framework and show that the TFD picture is still available, with a doubling of the degrees of freedom emerging in a natural way, as for the astrophysical black hole case. Furthermore, we show that particles on the thermal vacuum can be identified with real particles appearing in the scattering. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:55:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16747b01d2a24badb5b315694bc5aad8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1997 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:55:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universe |
| spelling | doaj.art-16747b01d2a24badb5b315694bc5aad82023-11-23T22:23:28ZengMDPI AGUniverse2218-19972022-02-018210510.3390/universe8020105Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield DynamicsFrancesco Belgiorno0Sergio L. Cacciatori1Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, ItalyDipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, 22100 Como, ItalyWe consider the full <i>S</i>-matrix in the scattering giving rise to analogous Hawking radiation in dispersive media. We show the general structure of the scattering in the weak dispersion approximation and discuss some unnoticed features of the primary process, with a possible generalization of the phenomenology of the Hawking effect. In particular, we stress that the Hawking particle and its antiparticle partner a priori could also be produced with different rates. We provide a general parameterization of the <i>S</i>-matrix, adopting the Iwasawa decomposition for the matrix itself. Then, we assume that a perturbative structure in a suitable sense is allowed and display the corresponding expansion. In connection with the general structure of the <i>S</i>-matrix at the leading order, we also consider the thermofield dynamics (TFD) framework and show that the TFD picture is still available, with a doubling of the degrees of freedom emerging in a natural way, as for the astrophysical black hole case. Furthermore, we show that particles on the thermal vacuum can be identified with real particles appearing in the scattering.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/2/105analogous Hawking effect<i>S</i>-matrixthermofield dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Francesco Belgiorno Sergio L. Cacciatori Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield Dynamics Universe analogous Hawking effect <i>S</i>-matrix thermofield dynamics |
| title | Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield Dynamics |
| title_full | Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield Dynamics |
| title_fullStr | Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield Dynamics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield Dynamics |
| title_short | Analogous Hawking Effect: <i>S</i>-Matrix and Thermofield Dynamics |
| title_sort | analogous hawking effect i s i matrix and thermofield dynamics |
| topic | analogous Hawking effect <i>S</i>-matrix thermofield dynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/2/105 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT francescobelgiorno analogoushawkingeffectisimatrixandthermofielddynamics AT sergiolcacciatori analogoushawkingeffectisimatrixandthermofielddynamics |