Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex lung disease characterized by a combination of airway disease and emphysema. Emphysema is classified as centrilobular emphysema (CLE), paraseptal emphysema (PSE), or panlobular emphysema (PLE), and airway disease extends from the respiratory,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Korean Association of Internal Medicine
2021-11-01
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| Series: | The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.kjim.org/upload/pdf/kjim-2021-124.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819025213265805312 |
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| author | Naoya Tanabe Toyohiro Hirai |
| author_facet | Naoya Tanabe Toyohiro Hirai |
| author_sort | Naoya Tanabe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex lung disease characterized by a combination of airway disease and emphysema. Emphysema is classified as centrilobular emphysema (CLE), paraseptal emphysema (PSE), or panlobular emphysema (PLE), and airway disease extends from the respiratory, terminal, and preterminal bronchioles to the central segmental airways. Although clinical computed tomography (CT) cannot be used to visualize the small airways, micro-CT has shown that terminal bronchiole disease is more severe in CLE than in PSE and PLE, and micro-CT findings suggest that the loss and luminal narrowing of terminal bronchioles is an early pathological change in CLE. Furthermore, the introduction of ultra-high-resolution CT has enabled direct evaluation of the proximal small (1 to 2-mm diameter) airways, and new CT analytical methods have enabled estimation of small airway disease and prediction of future COPD onset and lung function decline in smokers with and without COPD. This review discusses the literature on micro-CT and the technical advancements in clinical CT analysis for COPD. Hopefully, novel micro-CT findings will improve our understanding of the distinct pathogeneses of the emphysema subtypes to enable exploration of new therapeutic targets, and sophisticated CT imaging methods will be integrated into clinical practice to achieve more personalized management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T05:07:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-167aff67e9274242a842a6cc2b29eee6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1226-3303 2005-6648 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T05:07:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | The Korean Association of Internal Medicine |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-167aff67e9274242a842a6cc2b29eee62022-12-21T19:15:07ZengThe Korean Association of Internal MedicineThe Korean Journal of Internal Medicine1226-33032005-66482021-11-013661294130410.3904/kjim.2021.124170589Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNaoya Tanabe0Toyohiro Hirai1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex lung disease characterized by a combination of airway disease and emphysema. Emphysema is classified as centrilobular emphysema (CLE), paraseptal emphysema (PSE), or panlobular emphysema (PLE), and airway disease extends from the respiratory, terminal, and preterminal bronchioles to the central segmental airways. Although clinical computed tomography (CT) cannot be used to visualize the small airways, micro-CT has shown that terminal bronchiole disease is more severe in CLE than in PSE and PLE, and micro-CT findings suggest that the loss and luminal narrowing of terminal bronchioles is an early pathological change in CLE. Furthermore, the introduction of ultra-high-resolution CT has enabled direct evaluation of the proximal small (1 to 2-mm diameter) airways, and new CT analytical methods have enabled estimation of small airway disease and prediction of future COPD onset and lung function decline in smokers with and without COPD. This review discusses the literature on micro-CT and the technical advancements in clinical CT analysis for COPD. Hopefully, novel micro-CT findings will improve our understanding of the distinct pathogeneses of the emphysema subtypes to enable exploration of new therapeutic targets, and sophisticated CT imaging methods will be integrated into clinical practice to achieve more personalized management.http://www.kjim.org/upload/pdf/kjim-2021-124.pdfairway obstructiontomographyx-ray computedpulmonary diseasechronic obstructivepathologyemphysema |
| spellingShingle | Naoya Tanabe Toyohiro Hirai Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine airway obstruction tomography x-ray computed pulmonary disease chronic obstructive pathology emphysema |
| title | Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| title_full | Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| title_fullStr | Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| title_short | Recent advances in airway imaging using micro-computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| title_sort | recent advances in airway imaging using micro computed tomography and computed tomography for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| topic | airway obstruction tomography x-ray computed pulmonary disease chronic obstructive pathology emphysema |
| url | http://www.kjim.org/upload/pdf/kjim-2021-124.pdf |
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