Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling system
<p>A coupled regional-to-local modelling system comprising a regional chemistry–climate model with 5 km horizontal resolution (EMEP4UK) and an urban dispersion and chemistry model with explicit road source emissions (ADMS-Urban) has been used to simulate air quality in 2012 acros...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/11221/2018/acp-18-11221-2018.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818358019792044032 |
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| author | C. Hood I. MacKenzie J. Stocker K. Johnson D. Carruthers M. Vieno R. Doherty |
| author_facet | C. Hood I. MacKenzie J. Stocker K. Johnson D. Carruthers M. Vieno R. Doherty |
| author_sort | C. Hood |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>A coupled regional-to-local modelling system comprising a
regional chemistry–climate model with 5 km horizontal resolution (EMEP4UK)
and an urban dispersion and chemistry model with explicit road source
emissions (ADMS-Urban) has been used to simulate air quality in 2012 across
London. The study makes use of emission factors for NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> and
NO<sub>2</sub> and non-exhaust emission rates of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> which
have been adjusted compared to standard factors to reflect real-world
emissions, with increases in total emissions of around 30 % for these
species. The performance of the coupled model and each of the two component
models is assessed against measurements from background and near-road sites
in London using a range of metrics concerning annual averages, high hourly
average concentrations and diurnal cycles. The regional model shows good
performance compared to measurements for background sites for these metrics,
but under-predicts concentrations of all pollutants except O<sub>3</sub> at
near-road sites due to the low resolution of input emissions and
calculations. The coupled model shows good performance at both background and
near-road sites, which is broadly comparable with that of the urban model that uses
measured concentrations as regional background, except for PM<sub>2.5</sub> where
the under-prediction of the regional model causes the coupled model to also
under-predict concentrations. Using the coupled model, it is estimated that
13 % of the area of London exceeded the EU limit value of
40 µg m<sup>−3</sup> for annual average NO<sub>2</sub> in 2012, whilst
areas of exceedances of the annual average limit values of 40 and
25 µg m<sup>−3</sup> for PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> respectively were
negligible.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:22:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-167b39d64fe64239ba14fdc782bfd91f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:22:21Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-167b39d64fe64239ba14fdc782bfd91f2022-12-21T23:32:39ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242018-08-0118112211124510.5194/acp-18-11221-2018Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling systemC. Hood0I. MacKenzie1J. Stocker2K. Johnson3D. Carruthers4M. Vieno5R. Doherty6Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants, Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UKSchool of GeoSciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UKCambridge Environmental Research Consultants, Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UKCambridge Environmental Research Consultants, Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UKCambridge Environmental Research Consultants, Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UKCentre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh, EH26 0QB, UKSchool of GeoSciences, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK<p>A coupled regional-to-local modelling system comprising a regional chemistry–climate model with 5 km horizontal resolution (EMEP4UK) and an urban dispersion and chemistry model with explicit road source emissions (ADMS-Urban) has been used to simulate air quality in 2012 across London. The study makes use of emission factors for NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> and non-exhaust emission rates of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> which have been adjusted compared to standard factors to reflect real-world emissions, with increases in total emissions of around 30 % for these species. The performance of the coupled model and each of the two component models is assessed against measurements from background and near-road sites in London using a range of metrics concerning annual averages, high hourly average concentrations and diurnal cycles. The regional model shows good performance compared to measurements for background sites for these metrics, but under-predicts concentrations of all pollutants except O<sub>3</sub> at near-road sites due to the low resolution of input emissions and calculations. The coupled model shows good performance at both background and near-road sites, which is broadly comparable with that of the urban model that uses measured concentrations as regional background, except for PM<sub>2.5</sub> where the under-prediction of the regional model causes the coupled model to also under-predict concentrations. Using the coupled model, it is estimated that 13 % of the area of London exceeded the EU limit value of 40 µg m<sup>−3</sup> for annual average NO<sub>2</sub> in 2012, whilst areas of exceedances of the annual average limit values of 40 and 25 µg m<sup>−3</sup> for PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> respectively were negligible.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/11221/2018/acp-18-11221-2018.pdf |
| spellingShingle | C. Hood I. MacKenzie J. Stocker K. Johnson D. Carruthers M. Vieno R. Doherty Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling system Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling system |
| title_full | Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling system |
| title_fullStr | Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling system |
| title_short | Air quality simulations for London using a coupled regional-to-local modelling system |
| title_sort | air quality simulations for london using a coupled regional to local modelling system |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/11221/2018/acp-18-11221-2018.pdf |
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