Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 Invitrome
Piscine reovirus (PRV) is the causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), which is detrimental to Atlantic Salmon (AS) aquaculture, but so far has not been cultivatable, which impedes studying the disease and developing a vaccine. Homogenates of head kidney and red blood cells...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/10/833 |
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| author | Phuc H. Pham Ehab Misk Fotini Papazotos Ginny Jones Mark P. Polinski Elena Contador Spencer Russell Kyle A. Garver John S. Lumsden Niels C. Bols |
| author_facet | Phuc H. Pham Ehab Misk Fotini Papazotos Ginny Jones Mark P. Polinski Elena Contador Spencer Russell Kyle A. Garver John S. Lumsden Niels C. Bols |
| author_sort | Phuc H. Pham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Piscine reovirus (PRV) is the causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), which is detrimental to Atlantic Salmon (AS) aquaculture, but so far has not been cultivatable, which impedes studying the disease and developing a vaccine. Homogenates of head kidney and red blood cells (RBC) from AS in which PRV-1 had been detected were applied to fish cell lines. The cell lines were from embryos, and from brain, blood, fin, gill, gonads, gut, heart, kidney, liver, skin, and spleen, and had the shapes of endothelial, epithelial, fibroblast, and macrophage cells. Most cell lines were derived from the Neopterygii subclass of fish, but one was from subclass Chondrostei. Cultures were examined by phase contrast microscopy for appearance, and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for PRV-1 RNA amplification and for the capacity to transfer any changes to new cultures. No changes in appearance and Ct values were observed consistently or transferable to new cultures. Therefore, 31 cell lines examined were unable to support PRV-1 amplification and are described as belonging to the non-supportive PRV-1 invitrome. However, these investigations and cell lines can contribute to understanding PRV-1 cellular and host tropism, and the interactions between virus-infected and bystander cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:42:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-168322ed52b643c2bf680692696eb80b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:42:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-168322ed52b643c2bf680692696eb80b2023-11-20T16:41:31ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-10-0191083310.3390/pathogens9100833Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 InvitromePhuc H. Pham0Ehab Misk1Fotini Papazotos2Ginny Jones3Mark P. Polinski4Elena Contador5Spencer Russell6Kyle A. Garver7John S. Lumsden8Niels C. Bols9Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaHuntsman Marine Science Centre, St. Andrews, NB E5B 2L7, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaElanco Canada Limited, Aqua Vaccines R&D, Charlottetown, PE C1E 2A7, CanadaPacific Biological Station, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, CanadaDepartment of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaFisheries and Aquaculture, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, CanadaPacific Biological Station, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, CanadaDepartment of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaPiscine reovirus (PRV) is the causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), which is detrimental to Atlantic Salmon (AS) aquaculture, but so far has not been cultivatable, which impedes studying the disease and developing a vaccine. Homogenates of head kidney and red blood cells (RBC) from AS in which PRV-1 had been detected were applied to fish cell lines. The cell lines were from embryos, and from brain, blood, fin, gill, gonads, gut, heart, kidney, liver, skin, and spleen, and had the shapes of endothelial, epithelial, fibroblast, and macrophage cells. Most cell lines were derived from the Neopterygii subclass of fish, but one was from subclass Chondrostei. Cultures were examined by phase contrast microscopy for appearance, and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for PRV-1 RNA amplification and for the capacity to transfer any changes to new cultures. No changes in appearance and Ct values were observed consistently or transferable to new cultures. Therefore, 31 cell lines examined were unable to support PRV-1 amplification and are described as belonging to the non-supportive PRV-1 invitrome. However, these investigations and cell lines can contribute to understanding PRV-1 cellular and host tropism, and the interactions between virus-infected and bystander cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/10/833piscine reovirusPRV-1fish cell linesnon-supportiveheart and skeletal muscle inflammationHSMI |
| spellingShingle | Phuc H. Pham Ehab Misk Fotini Papazotos Ginny Jones Mark P. Polinski Elena Contador Spencer Russell Kyle A. Garver John S. Lumsden Niels C. Bols Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 Invitrome Pathogens piscine reovirus PRV-1 fish cell lines non-supportive heart and skeletal muscle inflammation HSMI |
| title | Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 Invitrome |
| title_full | Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 Invitrome |
| title_fullStr | Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 Invitrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 Invitrome |
| title_short | Screening of Fish Cell Lines for Piscine Orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1) Amplification: Identification of the Non-Supportive PRV-1 Invitrome |
| title_sort | screening of fish cell lines for piscine orthoreovirus 1 prv 1 amplification identification of the non supportive prv 1 invitrome |
| topic | piscine reovirus PRV-1 fish cell lines non-supportive heart and skeletal muscle inflammation HSMI |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/10/833 |
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