Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children
Mexico is experiencing an epidemiological and nutritional transition period, and Mexican children are often affected by the double burden of malnutrition, which includes undernutrition (13.6% of children) and obesity (15.3%). The gut microbiome is a complex and metabolically active community of orga...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02494/full |
| _version_ | 1818135224637194240 |
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| author | Eder Orlando Méndez-Salazar María Guadalupe Ortiz-López María de los Ángeles Granados-Silvestre Berenice Palacios-González Marta Menjivar Marta Menjivar |
| author_facet | Eder Orlando Méndez-Salazar María Guadalupe Ortiz-López María de los Ángeles Granados-Silvestre Berenice Palacios-González Marta Menjivar Marta Menjivar |
| author_sort | Eder Orlando Méndez-Salazar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mexico is experiencing an epidemiological and nutritional transition period, and Mexican children are often affected by the double burden of malnutrition, which includes undernutrition (13.6% of children) and obesity (15.3%). The gut microbiome is a complex and metabolically active community of organisms that influences the host phenotype. Although previous studies have shown alterations in the gut microbiota in undernourished children, the affected bacterial communities remain unknown. The present study investigated and compared the bacterial richness and diversity of the fecal microbiota in groups of undernourished (n = 12), obese (n = 12), and normalweight (control) (n = 12) Mexican school-age children. We used next-generation sequencing to analyze the V3–V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and we also investigated whether there were correlations between diet and relevant bacteria. The undernourished and obese groups showed lower bacterial richness and diversity than the normalweight group. Enterotype 1 correlated positively with dietary fat intake in the obese group and with carbohydrate intake in the undernourished group. The results showed that undernourished children had significantly higher levels of bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum and in the Lachnospiraceae family than obese children, while the Proteobacteria phylum was overrepresented in the obese group. The level of Lachnospiraceae correlated negatively with energy consumption and positively with leptin level. This is the first study to examine the gut microbial community structure in undernourished and obese Mexican children living in low-income neighborhoods. Our analysis revealed distinct taxonomic profiles for undernourished and obese children. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T09:21:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-168a7b9c10e24dccb973c4c6d720167b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T09:21:07Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-168a7b9c10e24dccb973c4c6d720167b2022-12-22T01:13:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2018-10-01910.3389/fmicb.2018.02494308672Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese ChildrenEder Orlando Méndez-Salazar0María Guadalupe Ortiz-López1María de los Ángeles Granados-Silvestre2Berenice Palacios-González3Marta Menjivar4Marta Menjivar5Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, MexicoLaboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, MexicoFacultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoUnidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina UNAM-INMEGEN, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, MexicoUnidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, MexicoFacultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoMexico is experiencing an epidemiological and nutritional transition period, and Mexican children are often affected by the double burden of malnutrition, which includes undernutrition (13.6% of children) and obesity (15.3%). The gut microbiome is a complex and metabolically active community of organisms that influences the host phenotype. Although previous studies have shown alterations in the gut microbiota in undernourished children, the affected bacterial communities remain unknown. The present study investigated and compared the bacterial richness and diversity of the fecal microbiota in groups of undernourished (n = 12), obese (n = 12), and normalweight (control) (n = 12) Mexican school-age children. We used next-generation sequencing to analyze the V3–V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and we also investigated whether there were correlations between diet and relevant bacteria. The undernourished and obese groups showed lower bacterial richness and diversity than the normalweight group. Enterotype 1 correlated positively with dietary fat intake in the obese group and with carbohydrate intake in the undernourished group. The results showed that undernourished children had significantly higher levels of bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum and in the Lachnospiraceae family than obese children, while the Proteobacteria phylum was overrepresented in the obese group. The level of Lachnospiraceae correlated negatively with energy consumption and positively with leptin level. This is the first study to examine the gut microbial community structure in undernourished and obese Mexican children living in low-income neighborhoods. Our analysis revealed distinct taxonomic profiles for undernourished and obese children.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02494/fullMexican childrenmicrobiotaFirmicutesundernourishedobesity |
| spellingShingle | Eder Orlando Méndez-Salazar María Guadalupe Ortiz-López María de los Ángeles Granados-Silvestre Berenice Palacios-González Marta Menjivar Marta Menjivar Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children Frontiers in Microbiology Mexican children microbiota Firmicutes undernourished obesity |
| title | Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children |
| title_full | Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children |
| title_fullStr | Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children |
| title_short | Altered Gut Microbiota and Compositional Changes in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in Mexican Undernourished and Obese Children |
| title_sort | altered gut microbiota and compositional changes in firmicutes and proteobacteria in mexican undernourished and obese children |
| topic | Mexican children microbiota Firmicutes undernourished obesity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02494/full |
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