Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium Nuts
(1) Background: The oil stability of tree nuts during storage can be influenced by storage conditions such as temperature, humidity, and moisture concentration. However, few studies have assessed how the presence of testa and shell affects the oil stability of tree nuts during storage. We aimed to d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/9/1003 |
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| author | Shahla Hosseini Bai Repson Gama Kim Jones Dalsie Hannet Godfrey Hannet Birte Komolong Peter Brooks Elektra Grant Brittany Elliott Helen M. Wallace |
| author_facet | Shahla Hosseini Bai Repson Gama Kim Jones Dalsie Hannet Godfrey Hannet Birte Komolong Peter Brooks Elektra Grant Brittany Elliott Helen M. Wallace |
| author_sort | Shahla Hosseini Bai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: The oil stability of tree nuts during storage can be influenced by storage conditions such as temperature, humidity, and moisture concentration. However, few studies have assessed how the presence of testa and shell affects the oil stability of tree nuts during storage. We aimed to determine how storage conditions affect oil stability in almond and canarium, in particular, the presence of testa and storage time of nut-in-shell (NIS). (2) Methods: We measured peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA) and hexanal concentrations of almond and canarium (blanched vs. kernel-in-testa) stored at 45 °C for 24 days. We also measured PV, FFA and fatty acid composition of canarium samples at days 0 and 140 stored as NIS under ambient conditions. (3) Results: The presence of testa in almond and canarium decreased hexanal and PV concentrations at day 24 of incubation. Canarium PV and FFA concentrations increased over 140 days of storage in the shell compared to day 0. However, both PV and FFA concentrations remained within the acceptable threshold during storage. No changes in fatty acid composition were found during NIS storage. (4) Conclusions: Testa and shell could act as a natural coating, slowing down oxidation rates. Hence, long-term storage on nuts in testa or nuts in shell are recommended for tree nuts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:41:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-168dc10d0cd342d9a1c1c5d14319f400 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:41:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-168dc10d0cd342d9a1c1c5d14319f4002023-11-19T10:58:52ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242023-09-0199100310.3390/horticulturae9091003Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium NutsShahla Hosseini Bai0Repson Gama1Kim Jones2Dalsie Hannet3Godfrey Hannet4Birte Komolong5Peter Brooks6Elektra Grant7Brittany Elliott8Helen M. Wallace9Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, AustraliaGenecology Research Centre, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, AustraliaCropwatch Independent Laboratories, Wardell, NSW 2477, AustraliaNational Agricultural Research Institute, Islands Regional Centre—Keravat, Kokopo P.O. Box 204, East New Britain Province, Papua New GuineaNational Agricultural Research Institute, Islands Regional Centre—Keravat, Kokopo P.O. Box 204, East New Britain Province, Papua New GuineaNational Agricultural Research Institute, Head Office, Lae P.O. Box 4415, Morobe Province, Papua New GuineaGenecology Research Centre, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, AustraliaCentre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, AustraliaCentre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, AustraliaCentre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia(1) Background: The oil stability of tree nuts during storage can be influenced by storage conditions such as temperature, humidity, and moisture concentration. However, few studies have assessed how the presence of testa and shell affects the oil stability of tree nuts during storage. We aimed to determine how storage conditions affect oil stability in almond and canarium, in particular, the presence of testa and storage time of nut-in-shell (NIS). (2) Methods: We measured peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA) and hexanal concentrations of almond and canarium (blanched vs. kernel-in-testa) stored at 45 °C for 24 days. We also measured PV, FFA and fatty acid composition of canarium samples at days 0 and 140 stored as NIS under ambient conditions. (3) Results: The presence of testa in almond and canarium decreased hexanal and PV concentrations at day 24 of incubation. Canarium PV and FFA concentrations increased over 140 days of storage in the shell compared to day 0. However, both PV and FFA concentrations remained within the acceptable threshold during storage. No changes in fatty acid composition were found during NIS storage. (4) Conclusions: Testa and shell could act as a natural coating, slowing down oxidation rates. Hence, long-term storage on nuts in testa or nuts in shell are recommended for tree nuts.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/9/1003<i>Prunus communis</i><i>Canarium indicum</i>blanched almondhexanalperoxide valuesfree fatty acid |
| spellingShingle | Shahla Hosseini Bai Repson Gama Kim Jones Dalsie Hannet Godfrey Hannet Birte Komolong Peter Brooks Elektra Grant Brittany Elliott Helen M. Wallace Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium Nuts Horticulturae <i>Prunus communis</i> <i>Canarium indicum</i> blanched almond hexanal peroxide values free fatty acid |
| title | Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium Nuts |
| title_full | Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium Nuts |
| title_fullStr | Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium Nuts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium Nuts |
| title_short | Presence of Testa and Shell Maintains Oil Stability in Almond and Canarium Nuts |
| title_sort | presence of testa and shell maintains oil stability in almond and canarium nuts |
| topic | <i>Prunus communis</i> <i>Canarium indicum</i> blanched almond hexanal peroxide values free fatty acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/9/1003 |
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