Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, India
Abstract Analytical data of groundwater samples collected from weathered and deep fractured zones in the Precambrian charnockite aquifers in Kerala, India, have been studied to understand their hydrochemical variations and reasons thereof. Concentrations of the majority of the constituents analyzed...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Applied Water Science |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-019-1084-8 |
| _version_ | 1818452988098772992 |
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| author | P. Nandakumaran K. Balakrishnan |
| author_facet | P. Nandakumaran K. Balakrishnan |
| author_sort | P. Nandakumaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Analytical data of groundwater samples collected from weathered and deep fractured zones in the Precambrian charnockite aquifers in Kerala, India, have been studied to understand their hydrochemical variations and reasons thereof. Concentrations of the majority of the constituents analyzed were found to increase with increasing depth of aquifers, with the exception of nitrate. Studies indicate that various processes such as ion exchange reactions, carbonate weathering and silicate weathering are active in both the aquifers which influence the hydrochemical composition of groundwater in them. The prevailing groundwater quality in the aquifers is dependent on the dominance of each process in relation to others. Principal component analysis of the data suggests that contamination from anthropogenic sources has a major role in determining the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the weathered zone unlike in the case of fractured aquifers where water–rock interaction is the major factor responsible. The study also indicates limited hydraulic connection between the weathered and fractured aquifers at the local scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T21:31:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-169b44d954ab47be8782558cd8b1f57b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-5487 2190-5495 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T21:31:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Water Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-169b44d954ab47be8782558cd8b1f57b2022-12-21T22:46:40ZengSpringerOpenApplied Water Science2190-54872190-54952019-11-0110111310.1007/s13201-019-1084-8Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, IndiaP. Nandakumaran0K. Balakrishnan1Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India, Kerala RegionCentral Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India, Kerala RegionAbstract Analytical data of groundwater samples collected from weathered and deep fractured zones in the Precambrian charnockite aquifers in Kerala, India, have been studied to understand their hydrochemical variations and reasons thereof. Concentrations of the majority of the constituents analyzed were found to increase with increasing depth of aquifers, with the exception of nitrate. Studies indicate that various processes such as ion exchange reactions, carbonate weathering and silicate weathering are active in both the aquifers which influence the hydrochemical composition of groundwater in them. The prevailing groundwater quality in the aquifers is dependent on the dominance of each process in relation to others. Principal component analysis of the data suggests that contamination from anthropogenic sources has a major role in determining the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the weathered zone unlike in the case of fractured aquifers where water–rock interaction is the major factor responsible. The study also indicates limited hydraulic connection between the weathered and fractured aquifers at the local scale.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-019-1084-8KeralaCharnockitesFractured aquifersGroundwater qualityPrincipal component analysis |
| spellingShingle | P. Nandakumaran K. Balakrishnan Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, India Applied Water Science Kerala Charnockites Fractured aquifers Groundwater quality Principal component analysis |
| title | Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, India |
| title_full | Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, India |
| title_fullStr | Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, India |
| title_short | Groundwater quality variations in Precambrian hard rock aquifers: a case study from Kerala, India |
| title_sort | groundwater quality variations in precambrian hard rock aquifers a case study from kerala india |
| topic | Kerala Charnockites Fractured aquifers Groundwater quality Principal component analysis |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-019-1084-8 |
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