High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) independent of obesity (OBS) imposes severe cardiovascular risk. To what extent plasma cystine concentration (CySS), a novel pro-oxidative vascular risk factor, is increased in OSA with or without OBS is presently unknown. We therefore studied CySS together with the red...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-03-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/7/1387 |
| _version_ | 1797539445156610048 |
|---|---|
| author | Raphael Boneberg Anita Pardun Lena Hannemann Olaf Hildebrandt Ulrich Koehler Ralf Kinscherf Wulf Hildebrandt |
| author_facet | Raphael Boneberg Anita Pardun Lena Hannemann Olaf Hildebrandt Ulrich Koehler Ralf Kinscherf Wulf Hildebrandt |
| author_sort | Raphael Boneberg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) independent of obesity (OBS) imposes severe cardiovascular risk. To what extent plasma cystine concentration (CySS), a novel pro-oxidative vascular risk factor, is increased in OSA with or without OBS is presently unknown. We therefore studied CySS together with the redox state and precursor amino acids of glutathione (GSH) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in untreated male patients with OSA (apnea-hypopnea-index (AHI) > 15 h<sup>−1</sup>, <i>n</i> = 28) compared to healthy male controls (<i>n</i> = 25) stratifying for BMI ≥ or < 30 kg m<sup>−2</sup>. Fifteen OSA patients were reassessed after 3–5-months CPAP. CySS correlated with cumulative time at an O<sub>2</sub>-saturation <90% (Tu90%) (r = 0.34, <i>p</i> < 0.05) beside BMI (r = 0.58, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and was higher in subjects with “hypoxic stress” (59.4 ± 2.0 vs. 50.1 ± 2.7 µM, <i>p</i> < 0.01) defined as Tu90% ≥ 15.2 min (corresponding to AHI ≥ 15 h<sup>−1</sup>). Moreover, CySS significantly correlated with systolic (r = 0.32, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and diastolic (r = 0.31, <i>p</i> < 0.05) blood pressure. CPAP significantly lowered CySS along with blood pressure at unchanged BMI. Unexpectedly, GSH antioxidant capacity in PBMC was increased with OSA and reversed with CPAP. Plasma CySS levels are increased with OSA-related hypoxic stress and associated with higher blood pressure. CPAP decreases both CySS and blood pressure. The role of CySS in OSA-related vascular endpoints and their prevention by CPAP warrants further studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:46:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-169e2338fe704f0aad4f80ea549e5adb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:46:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-169e2338fe704f0aad4f80ea549e5adb2023-11-21T13:27:57ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-03-01107138710.3390/jcm10071387High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep ApneaRaphael Boneberg0Anita Pardun1Lena Hannemann2Olaf Hildebrandt3Ulrich Koehler4Ralf Kinscherf5Wulf Hildebrandt6Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, GermanyDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, GermanyDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, GermanyDepartment of Sleep Medicine, Division of Pneumology, Internal Medicine, University Clinics of Marburg, UKGM, Baldingerstr. 43, 35043 Marburg, GermanyDepartment of Sleep Medicine, Division of Pneumology, Internal Medicine, University Clinics of Marburg, UKGM, Baldingerstr. 43, 35043 Marburg, GermanyDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, GermanyDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 8, 35032 Marburg, GermanyObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) independent of obesity (OBS) imposes severe cardiovascular risk. To what extent plasma cystine concentration (CySS), a novel pro-oxidative vascular risk factor, is increased in OSA with or without OBS is presently unknown. We therefore studied CySS together with the redox state and precursor amino acids of glutathione (GSH) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in untreated male patients with OSA (apnea-hypopnea-index (AHI) > 15 h<sup>−1</sup>, <i>n</i> = 28) compared to healthy male controls (<i>n</i> = 25) stratifying for BMI ≥ or < 30 kg m<sup>−2</sup>. Fifteen OSA patients were reassessed after 3–5-months CPAP. CySS correlated with cumulative time at an O<sub>2</sub>-saturation <90% (Tu90%) (r = 0.34, <i>p</i> < 0.05) beside BMI (r = 0.58, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and was higher in subjects with “hypoxic stress” (59.4 ± 2.0 vs. 50.1 ± 2.7 µM, <i>p</i> < 0.01) defined as Tu90% ≥ 15.2 min (corresponding to AHI ≥ 15 h<sup>−1</sup>). Moreover, CySS significantly correlated with systolic (r = 0.32, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and diastolic (r = 0.31, <i>p</i> < 0.05) blood pressure. CPAP significantly lowered CySS along with blood pressure at unchanged BMI. Unexpectedly, GSH antioxidant capacity in PBMC was increased with OSA and reversed with CPAP. Plasma CySS levels are increased with OSA-related hypoxic stress and associated with higher blood pressure. CPAP decreases both CySS and blood pressure. The role of CySS in OSA-related vascular endpoints and their prevention by CPAP warrants further studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/7/1387sleepbreathing-disorderintermittent hypoxiaoxidative stressglutathionecardiovascular risk |
| spellingShingle | Raphael Boneberg Anita Pardun Lena Hannemann Olaf Hildebrandt Ulrich Koehler Ralf Kinscherf Wulf Hildebrandt High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Journal of Clinical Medicine sleep breathing-disorder intermittent hypoxia oxidative stress glutathione cardiovascular risk |
| title | High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_full | High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_fullStr | High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_short | High Plasma Cystine Levels Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Reversed by CPAP in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_sort | high plasma cystine levels are associated with blood pressure and reversed by cpap in patients with obstructive sleep apnea |
| topic | sleep breathing-disorder intermittent hypoxia oxidative stress glutathione cardiovascular risk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/7/1387 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raphaelboneberg highplasmacystinelevelsareassociatedwithbloodpressureandreversedbycpapinpatientswithobstructivesleepapnea AT anitapardun highplasmacystinelevelsareassociatedwithbloodpressureandreversedbycpapinpatientswithobstructivesleepapnea AT lenahannemann highplasmacystinelevelsareassociatedwithbloodpressureandreversedbycpapinpatientswithobstructivesleepapnea AT olafhildebrandt highplasmacystinelevelsareassociatedwithbloodpressureandreversedbycpapinpatientswithobstructivesleepapnea AT ulrichkoehler highplasmacystinelevelsareassociatedwithbloodpressureandreversedbycpapinpatientswithobstructivesleepapnea AT ralfkinscherf highplasmacystinelevelsareassociatedwithbloodpressureandreversedbycpapinpatientswithobstructivesleepapnea AT wulfhildebrandt highplasmacystinelevelsareassociatedwithbloodpressureandreversedbycpapinpatientswithobstructivesleepapnea |