Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and Progression
Atherosclerosis remains a major cause of death worldwide, with most myocardial infarctions being due to rupture or erosion of coronary plaques. Although several imaging modalities can identify features that confer risk, major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rates attributable to each plaque are...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.875413/full |
| _version_ | 1828333800280555520 |
|---|---|
| author | Sophie Z. Gu Martin R. Bennett |
| author_facet | Sophie Z. Gu Martin R. Bennett |
| author_sort | Sophie Z. Gu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atherosclerosis remains a major cause of death worldwide, with most myocardial infarctions being due to rupture or erosion of coronary plaques. Although several imaging modalities can identify features that confer risk, major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rates attributable to each plaque are low, such that additional biomarkers are required to improve risk stratification at plaque and patient level. Coronary arteries are exposed to continual mechanical forces, and plaque rupture occurs when plaque structural stress (PSS) exceeds its mechanical strength. Prospective studies have shown that peak PSS is correlated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentation, plaque rupture, and MACE, and provides additional prognostic information to imaging. In addition, PSS incorporates multiple variables, including plaque architecture, plaque material properties, and haemodynamic data into a defined solution, providing a more detailed overview of higher-risk lesions. We review the methods for calculation and determinants of PSS, imaging modalities used for modeling PSS, and idealized models that explore structural and geometric components that affect PSS. We also discuss current experimental and clinical data linking PSS to the natural history of coronary artery disease, and explore potential for refining treatment options and predicting future events. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:24:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-16a4b4dbb62e43a68eef6c135e2d023e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:24:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-16a4b4dbb62e43a68eef6c135e2d023e2022-12-22T02:29:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2022-07-01910.3389/fcvm.2022.875413875413Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and ProgressionSophie Z. GuMartin R. BennettAtherosclerosis remains a major cause of death worldwide, with most myocardial infarctions being due to rupture or erosion of coronary plaques. Although several imaging modalities can identify features that confer risk, major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rates attributable to each plaque are low, such that additional biomarkers are required to improve risk stratification at plaque and patient level. Coronary arteries are exposed to continual mechanical forces, and plaque rupture occurs when plaque structural stress (PSS) exceeds its mechanical strength. Prospective studies have shown that peak PSS is correlated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentation, plaque rupture, and MACE, and provides additional prognostic information to imaging. In addition, PSS incorporates multiple variables, including plaque architecture, plaque material properties, and haemodynamic data into a defined solution, providing a more detailed overview of higher-risk lesions. We review the methods for calculation and determinants of PSS, imaging modalities used for modeling PSS, and idealized models that explore structural and geometric components that affect PSS. We also discuss current experimental and clinical data linking PSS to the natural history of coronary artery disease, and explore potential for refining treatment options and predicting future events.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.875413/fullplaque structural stressatherosclerosisplaque rupturecomputational modelingintravascular imaging |
| spellingShingle | Sophie Z. Gu Martin R. Bennett Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and Progression Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine plaque structural stress atherosclerosis plaque rupture computational modeling intravascular imaging |
| title | Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and Progression |
| title_full | Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and Progression |
| title_fullStr | Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and Progression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and Progression |
| title_short | Plaque Structural Stress: Detection, Determinants and Role in Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture and Progression |
| title_sort | plaque structural stress detection determinants and role in atherosclerotic plaque rupture and progression |
| topic | plaque structural stress atherosclerosis plaque rupture computational modeling intravascular imaging |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.875413/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sophiezgu plaquestructuralstressdetectiondeterminantsandroleinatheroscleroticplaqueruptureandprogression AT martinrbennett plaquestructuralstressdetectiondeterminantsandroleinatheroscleroticplaqueruptureandprogression |